苹果蠹蛾成虫产卵特性

苹果蠹蛾Cydia pomonella(L.)是全球温带地区果园主要害虫之一,是中国的重要检疫性有害生物,对我国苹果、梨等水果的安全生产造成极大危害及威胁。为详细了解苹果蠹蛾的产卵特性,从而为进行有效的监测与防控提供基础信息,作者于2006年在甘肃省山丹县梨果园中对树冠不同高度与朝向的蛀果率进行了调查,并于2010在内蒙古阿拉善左旗对梨树果枝上不同部位的产卵量进行了详细调查。主要研究结果如下:1)树冠2.5m以上的蛀果率显著高于2.5m以下的蛀果率,树冠东面的蛀果率最高,南面的蛀果率最低;2)在整个果园中,靠近北侧的果树上果实受害程度要高于南侧果树上的果实受害程度,整个果园中蛀果率由北向南逐渐降低;3)叶片上的卵数最多,占总卵数的73.1%,果实上的卵数次之,占总卵数的14.6%,枝条上的卵数最少,占总卵数的12.2%;4)在产卵的叶片上,卵主要产在叶背面,叶片背面卵量是叶正面的6.65倍。鉴于以上研究结果,在开展化学防治或颗粒体病毒防治时,应注意充分喷施果树上层树冠,且在对果实进行处理的同时,叶片和枝条也需要充分喷药。

Eggs-laying features of Cydia pomonella adults

The codling moth （Cydia pomonella （L.）） is a major pest in temperate fruit-growing areas around the world. In China it is a key quarantine pest that poses a major threat to fruit crops such as apples and pears. In order to gain better understanding of its oviposition and provide basic information to improve prevention and control we investigated the amount of codling moth damage on pears at different heights and aspects in Shandan County, Gansu Province, and conducted a detailed investigated on the oviposition sites of adult codling moths on pear branches in Alxa Left Banner, Neimenggu, in 2010. The main results were as follows：1） More fruit were damaged on branches above 2.5 m than below that height. Most damage occurred in the eastern aspect of trees and the least in the southern aspect; 2） Considering the orchard as a whole, more pears were damaged in the northern part of the orchard than in the southern part and the proportion of damaged fruit decreased from north to south; 3） 73.1% of eggs were laid on leaves, 14.6% on fruit and 12.2% on branches; 4） 6.65 times as many eggs were laid on the lower surface of leaves as on the upper surface. Orchardists should therefore pay more attention to the upper branches of pear trees and spray insecticides or granulosis viruses not only on the fruits but also on the leaves and branches.