斑痣悬茧蜂产卵器刺扎寄主经历对刺探行为的影响

【目的】本文旨在评价斑痣悬茧蜂Metrorus pulchricornis(Wesmael)刺扎寄主的行为机理。【方法】采用非选择性试验于室内观察了刺扎次序对其产卵决策的影响;并采用双选试验观察了具有刺扎不同寄主(健康的、自身刺扎过的、他蜂刺扎过的寄主)的经历如何影响寄生蜂对自身刺扎与他蜂刺扎过的寄主的选择。【结果】非选择性试验结果表明:当面对健康寄主时,寄生蜂刺扎次序对刺扎耗时在5%概率水平上没有显著影响,但在10%概率水平具有显著影响;刺扎次序对寄生率没有显著影响,第1至5次刺扎的寄生率依次为63.3%、46.7%、76.7%、70.0%和66.7%。双选试验结果发现,刺扎不同寄主的经历处理对刺扎寄主选择性没有显著影响(P>0.05),具有刺扎健康的、自身刺扎过的和他蜂刺扎过的寄主的经历使寄生蜂选择被他蜂刺扎过的寄主的比例分别为65.5%、44.8%和50.0%。但刺扎经历显著影响刺扎耗时(P<0.05),具有1次刺扎健康寄主经历的蜂的刺扎耗时显著短(2倍)于具有刺扎自身刺扎过的寄主经历的蜂,但与具有刺扎他蜂刺扎过的寄主经历的蜂没有显著差异(P>0.05)。【结论】学习在斑痣悬茧蜂刺扎探测寄主行为的作用很小。

Ovipositor drilling behaviors and host selection in Meteorus pulchricornis Wesmael （Hymenoptera： Braconidae）

Objectives] To gain insights into the mechanisms of ovipositor drilling behavior of Meteorus pulchricornis （Wesmael） （Hymenoptera： Braconidae）. Methods] Non-choice trails were performed to measure the influence of oviposition sequence on decisions with regard to Spodoptera litura （Lepidoptera： Noctuidae） larvae; dual-choice trails were conducted to detect effects of prior experience on oviposition preferences between self- and conspecific-parasitized hosts. Results] The non-choice trials did not find significant effects of oviposition sequence on oviposition duration at the 5% level, but did at the 10% level. Oviposition sequence did not have significant effects on parasitization rate, which was 63.3%, 46.7%, 76.7%, 70.0% and 66.7% from the first to fifth host, respectively. The dual-choice trials did not find significant effects of oviposition experience on oviposition preferences between self- and conspecific-parasitized host larvae （P〉0.05）; percentages of attacking conspecific-parasitized hosts were 65.5%, 44.8%, and 50.0% for parasitoids with the experience of oviposition on healthy, self- and conspecific-parasitized hosts, respectively. Oviposition experience however influenced the oviposition duration of parasitoids, which was reduced by two times for parasitoids with the experience of oviposition on healthy hosts compared to those with experience of oviposition on self-parasitized hosts, but was not different compared to parasitoids with experience of oviposition on conspecific-parasitized hosts. Conelusionl The results of this study suggest that learning may play a minor role in oviposition behavior of M. pulchricornis.