白眉野草螟的生物学特性和监测防控对策

【目的】白眉野草螟Agriphila aeneociliella是近年来在山东莱州市、山西泽州县等地新发现的小麦害虫,对其生物学特性进行观察和研究,以期为有效监控提供科学依据。【方法】通过田间调查、网室观察、配对饲养和灯光诱测等方法,系统研究了白眉野草螟年生活史与田间生活习性。【结果】在我国黄淮海麦区,白眉野草螟1年发生l代,11月至翌年2月以低龄幼虫越冬,3月至4月为害麦苗,5月至8月以老熟幼虫结土茧滞育越夏,9月至10月化蛹羽化、交配产卵,并孵化出幼虫越冬。成虫具有趋光性,产卵在土壤颗粒缝隙中或土表;幼虫喜趋嫩为害,田间呈点片分布;越冬幼虫抗寒性强;滞育茧不耐水淹。【结论】秋季成虫羽化期、早春低龄幼虫为害始期、夏季滞育期是白眉野草螟监测防控的关键时期。

The biological characteristics of Agriphila aeneociliella and methods for monitoring and managing this pest

Objectives] In recent years, a new wheat insect pest has occurred in Laizhou （Shandong） and Zezhou （Shanxi）, which has been identified as Agriphila aeneociliella. This paper seeks to determine its biological characteristics and provide a basis for population monitoring and management. Methods] The biological characteristics of A. aeneociliella, including annual life history and habits of each life-stage, were studied by field investigation, net-room observation, pair feeding and adult light trapping. Results] In the wheat planting area of the Huang-Huai-Hai plain, this insect pest has one generation annually. The larvae over-winter as 2-3 instar larvae from November to February, feed on wheat seedlings in March and April, live through summer as cocoons, in which old larvae diapause from May to August, until September when they pupate. From late September to early October, the adults emerge, mate and lay their eggs; the hatching young larvae are the overwintering form. The adults have phototaxis and are inclined to lay eggs in/on soil. The larvae prefer tender parts of plants and have a ＂spot-and-sheet＂ distribution in the field. The overwintering larvae have high cold resistance, but the dispausing cocoons can＇t survive water-logging. Conclusion] Knowledge of the timing of adult emergence in autumn, the initial damage caused by larvae in early spring and the summer dispause are crucial for population monitoring and management of this insect pest.