甘蔗、玉米气味对亚洲玉米螟成虫产卵和幼虫取食的影响

【目的】农作物间套作对害虫的影响很大程度上取决于害虫的行为反应,通过研究玉米/甘蔗套作系统中植物气味对亚洲玉米螟Ostrinia furnacalis(Guenee)行为的影响,将为利用化学生态手段防治套作田中的害虫提供依据。【方法】通过昆虫触角电位实验、成虫产卵和幼虫取食实验,测定了甘蔗、玉米植株及二氯甲烷漂洗物对亚洲玉米螟成虫产卵、幼虫取食的影响。【结果】亚洲玉米螟成虫在甘蔗植株上的落卵量(卵粒数、卵块数)与玉米植株差异不显著,取食甘蔗植株的幼虫数量显著低于玉米植株。亚洲玉米螟对甘蔗、玉米叶片漂洗物均可产生EAG反应,且在同一浓度下的反应值之间无显著差异。成虫产卵量(卵粒数、卵块数)在0.1 gE/mL浓度的甘蔗和玉米漂洗物间差异不显著;幼虫对经甘蔗叶片漂洗物处理过的饲料的相对取食率均低于65.00%,显著低于玉米漂洗物处理的饲料。【结论】甘蔗和玉米气味对亚洲玉米螟产卵的影响没有差异,但甘蔗气味会导致初孵幼虫表现出很强的逃逸行为。

Effect of sugarcane and corn odors on adult oviposition and larval feeding behavior in the Asian corn borer （Ostriniafurnacalis）

Objectives] How plant odors affect the behavior of the Asian corn borer （Ostriniafurnacalis） in a sugarcane and corn intercropping system was studied in order to provide information to help control this pest. Methods] The effect of sugarcane （Saccharum officinarum） and corn （Zea mays）, and a dichloromethane rinse of extracts of these plants, on adult oviposition and the larval feeding behavior in the Asian corn borer was investigated. Results] There was no difference in the number of eggs （egg number and egg mass） laid on corn leaves and on sugarcane leaves, but significantly less larvae fed on sugarcane leaves than on corn leaves. Both sugarcane and corn extracts elicited EAG responses from adults, but these did not differ when the extracts were at the same concentration. There was no significant difference in the number of eggs （egg number and egg mass） laid by female moths exposed to leaf extract of sugarcane and corn at a concentration of 0.1 gE/mL. The relative feeding rates of larvae were less than 65.00% when fed on an artificial diet treated with sugarcane extract, significantly less than when the same diet was treated with corn extracts, Conelusioni There was no difference in the oviposition behavior of the Asian corn borer in response to sugarcane and corn odors but first instar larvae showed aversion responses to sugarcane odor.