重庆秀山褐飞虱田间种群动态及其应用

分析23年(1984~2006)重庆市秀山县褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens(Stal)观测圃与田间的系统调查资料,揭示出该虫年度间和年度内的田间种群发生动态规律。褐飞虱在观测圃条件下,2000年前常是大发生以上,2000年以来发生程度变轻,常是中等偏重以下,但近3年来又有回升的势头,各年均呈比大田发生偏重的趋势。年度间主害期呈推迟的趋势。年度内,稻苗移栽后即可见虫,一直到收获;前期虫量较小,中期增多,后期较大,主害期在后期。观测圃的褐飞虱发生高峰期比大田早5d左右。观测圃虫量在水稻前期与大田相当,中、后期有差异,特别是后期差异较大,是大田的2~10倍。观测圃的天敌种类主要是蜘蛛、黑肩绿肓蝽、螯蜂、隐翅虫和稻红瓢虫;天敌数量在水稻中期和后期分别比大田多30%和40%以上,对褐飞虱有一定的控制作用。还讨论褐飞虱田间种群动态研究在生产上的应用。

The population dynamic of brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) in rice field of Chongqing

This paper reported the analysis of the accumulative sampling data of the occurrence of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stl), (BPH) in naturally-occurred rice plots (NOP) and systematic sampling rice fields (SSF) in Xiushan, Chonqing during 1984～2006, demonstrating the occurrence patterns of the field population within a year and between years. There were the outbreaks of BPH in NOP more frequently before 2000. After 2000, BPH outbreaks turned less and BPH occurrence was moderate or lower. In the recent 3 years, BPH occurrence was more severe in NOP than in SSF. The major occurrence time was postponed in the observed years. In a year, BPH can be seen after transplanting of rice till harvesting. The number of BPH was small at the early rice stage, increasingly larger at the middle stage and reaches the peak at the late stage. The BPH peak in NOP occurred approximately 5 days earlier than ones in SSF. The number of BPH in NOP was similar with ones in SSF at the early stage, varied in the middle and late stages, and even larger at the late stage in 2～10 fold. The natural enemies in NOP were mainly the spiders, Cyrtorhinus lividipennis, Gonatopus sp., Staphylinidae sp. and Verania discolor. The numbers of natural enemies at the middle and late stages were over 30% and 40% in NOP than ones in SSF and they showed an obvious suppression to BPH. This paper also discussed the application of the studies on population dynamics of BPH on rice production.