美国杏李园瓢虫群落组成及生态位

对美国杏李园中瓢虫的种群动态和生态位进行研究,结果表明,异色瓢虫、龟纹瓢虫、多异瓢虫为优势种群,黑缘红瓢虫、红点唇瓢虫、七星瓢虫、马铃薯瓢虫、深点食螨瓢虫、二星瓢虫种群密度长时间处于稳定状态。马铃薯瓢虫占据生态位最宽,对美国杏李树危害时间较长。红点唇瓢虫和七星瓢虫的生态位重叠较高,出现频率高。在瓢虫类天敌中,生态位宽度越宽的种类往往数量较低,且持续时间较长,对害虫种群的控制程度较低,生态位宽度较低的种类出现时间较短,短时间内种群数量较高,可以控制害虫种群数量。

The community composition and niche of ladybirds in orchard of American apricot and plum

The community composition and niche of ladybirds were studied in orchard of American apricot and plum. The results showed that Harmonia axyridis, Propylea japonica and Hippodamia variegate were the dominant species. The population density of Chilocorus kuwana, Adalia bipunctata, Chilocorus rubidus, Stethorus punctillum and Henosepilachna vigintioctomaculata were relatively stable. H. vigintioctomaculata occupied the widest niche and harmed America apricot and plum for longer duration. Niche of Chilocorus kuwanae and Coccinella septempunctata overlapped in higher proportion with higher frequency. As natural enemy, the ladybird species with wider niche usually were in lower amount and longer duration, which ability to control pest was poor. The species with narrower niche usually occurred in shorter duration with higher amount, which may control pest effectively.