人工扩繁管氏肿腿蜂的蜂种复壮研究

利用中间寄主黄粉甲Tenebrio molitor L.蛹大量扩繁管氏肿腿蜂Scleroderma guani Xiao et Wu经多代后寄生效果下降,系由蜂种退化所致:利用一种中间寄主导致蜂种的营养来源单一;采用同一种群的蜂及较低的蜂虫比造成近亲繁殖。据此设计复壮措施:利用自然寄主回接、杂交和控制交尾方式。结果表明:(1)回接1代,其子代蜂种的寄生率和寄生成功率分别提高26%和28%~33%。(2)用外缘蜂种与本群蜂种杂交,其子代蜂的发育历期比对照少4d,寄生率和寄生成功率分别提高22%和17%。(3)控制交尾方式促进蜂种复壮。

Population rejuvenation of mass-rearing Scleroderma guani

The breeding effect decreased after several generations in rearing Scleroderma guani Xiao et Wu by using the pupa of the yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor. The main reason included using the same kind of host, inbreeding and lower ratio of bethylid and host. The measures of population rejuvenation were designed: using natural host for one generation, hybridizing, controlling mating ways between male and female. The results showed that the parasitism rate and the rate of successful parasitism were raised by 26% and 28%～33% respectively after using natural host for one generation, that the parasitism rate and the rate of successful parasitism were raised by 22% and 17% respectively, and the developmental rate was shorter 4 days by hybridizing, that the breeding effect could be raised by controlling mating ways.