松材线虫及其传媒松墨天牛的监测和防治现状

松材线虫起源于北美大陆。1 982年侵入中国。松材线虫能引起一种林业上最具危险性、毁灭性的病害“松材线虫病”。松材线虫病的病因复杂,传播途径多样,不同国家地区对其采取的监测和防治策略也有所差异。目前,该病局限分布于北美和东北亚,但在世界范围内其扩散趋势日益明显。该文简要从监测预警,物理、化学、生物等防治方法、以及监测防治中存在问题和发展趋势等方面概述了国内外松材线虫Bursaphelenchusxylophilus及其关键传媒松墨天牛MonochamusalternatusHope的研究现状,对制定适宜我国的松材线虫病监测和防治策略有借鉴和参考价值。

Current status of monitoring strategies and control techniques for Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and its vector Monochamus alternatus

The pine wood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus Nickle, was originated in North America and first founded in China in 1982. PWN causes pine wilt disease which is fatal to most pines. Nevertheless, the pathogeny and diffuse way of this disease is complex and multiple, and remain to be further clarified. Very diversified monitoring and control measures have been attempted in different affected countries. At present, this destructive woods disease is limited in North America and Northeast Asia but it keeps spreading into new areas. This paper briefly summarized the current status concerning PWN and its key vector, Japanese pine sawyer, Monochamus alternatus Hope in detection, monitoring, physical, chemical and biological control methods.