绿盲蝽雄虫体外挥发物研究

采用气质联用和嗅觉仪对分部解剖的绿盲蝽Apolygus lucorum(Meyer-Dür)雄虫体外挥发物进行鉴定和生测。结果表明:绿盲蝽雄虫浸提物中的主要组分有13种,包括醇类、酸类和酯类。相对含量较高的依次有丁酸己酯、反-2-丁酸己烯酯和己醇。绿盲蝽雄虫从交配不活跃期进入活跃期,其体内的丁酸己酯、反-2-丁酸己烯酯和己醇的含量都明显变化,其中丁酸己酯和反-2-丁酸己烯酯明显增加,而己醇的含量减少,表明绿盲蝽雄虫在交配活跃期,可能有大量的丁酸己酯和反-2-丁酸己烯酯释放到体外。比较绿盲蝽雄虫的不同部位的浸提物的含量,发现丁酸己酯、反-2-丁酸己烯酯和己醇主要存在于虫体胸部。嗅觉反应测试中绿盲蝽雌虫对丁酸己酯和反-2-丁酸己烯酯有明显的趋性,同时含量很少的丁酸庚酯对雌虫有明显引诱作用。因此推测丁酸己酯、反-2-丁酸己烯酯和丁酸庚酯可能是绿盲蝽雄虫释放到体外的挥发性引诱成分,并主要由胸部内的腺体分泌。

Analysis of compounds extracted from male Apolygus lucorum

Semiochemicals extracted from unmated male Apolygus lucorum （Meyer-Diir） were analyzed with GC-MS and a Y-type olfactormeter. Thirteen compounds were identified, including esters, alcohols and acids. Among these, hexyl butyrate, （E）-2-hexenyl butyrate and hexanol were the most abundant. When males entered the active period, levels of two compounds, hexyl butyrate, and （E）-2-hexenyl butyrate, increased significantly whereas hexanol decreased notably. This suggests that large amounts of hexyl butyrate and （E）-2-hexenyl butyrate are emitted into the air by A. lucorum males. Comparing the content of hexyl butyrate, （E）-2-hexenyl butyrate and hexanol in extracts from different parts of male A. iucorum, most of these three compounds were extracted from the thorax. In an olfactory bioassay, male A. lucorum were attracted to both hexyl butyrate and （E）-2-hexenyl butyrate. Females were attracted by a trace compound, heptyl butyrate. We suggest that three compounds, hexyl butyrate, （E）-2-hexenyl butyrate and hexanol, are probably attractive semiochemicals of male A. lucorum that are secreted by gland（s） in the thorax.