补充非寄主食物对芙新姬小蜂和潜蝇姬小蜂控害行为权衡的影响

芙新姬小蜂和潜蝇姬小蜂均为强卵育型(synovigenic)寄生蜂,成虫具有产卵寄生致死、寄主取食致死和寄主叮蛰直接致死3种寄主致死行为。为了明确成虫补充非寄主食物营养对2种姬小蜂控害潜力/控害行为的影响,本文比较研究了分别提供寄主食物和寄主食物+非寄主食物(10%葡萄糖)条件下的2种姬小蜂在初羽化前期(前6 d)内对美洲斑潜蝇幼虫的致死行为的影响。结果显示:在仅提供寄主食物时,芙新姬小蜂的寄生、取食和总体致死量均显著的高于潜蝇姬小蜂,但是直接致死能力却弱于后者;补充非寄主食物和仅提供寄主食物处理相比,两种寄生蜂的寄生量,取食量和总致死量均呈下降趋势。该研究显示:在初羽化前期,取食寄主食物的雌蜂比取食寄主食物+葡萄糖的雌蜂具有更强的致死能力。

Effect of supplement non host food on the host killing behaviors of Neochrysocharis formosa (Westwood) and Diglyphus isaea (Walker)(Hymenptera: Eulophinae)

Neochrysocharis formosa ( Westwood ) and Diglyphus isaea ( Walker ) ( Hymenptera:Eulophinae) are important synovigenic parasitoids for Agromyzid leafminer, which have three types of host-killing behavior: parastized host, host feeding, and host stinging. In order to explore the effects of non-host food on the host-killing behaviors of those two parasitoids, we compared the influences of the host-killing behaviors of the newly emerged female N. formosa and D. isaea when host food and non-host +host food were supplied at the beginning of 6 days, respectively. The results showed that the host-feeding, fecundity and host mortality of N. formosa when only host food was supplied were significant higher than those of D. isaea in the host food treatment. However, the number of host-only-stinging for N. formosa was lower than D. isaea. Compared with the host food treatment, the host feeding, fecundity and host mortality of both N. formosa and D. isaea decreased significantly in the non-host food treatment. In conclusion, the newly emerged female feeding hosts only have stronger lethal capability than those feeding glucose.