草甘膦与微塑料对西方蜜蜂生存和糖反应行为的影响

为分析草甘膦与微塑料对西方蜜蜂Apis mellifera存活和行为的影响。本研究利用50%蔗糖溶液配置的400 mg/L草甘膦、50 mg/L微塑料以及两者混合物，分别饲喂1日龄的工蜂；每日记录西方蜜蜂的存活率，20 d后通过伸吻反应测定它们对蜜蜂嗅觉学习行为的影响。结果发现400 mg/L草甘膦处理蜜蜂20 d后，与对照组相比，蜜蜂存活率下降了22%，伸吻比率下降了30%；50 mg/L微塑料处理，与对照组相比，蜜蜂存活率下降了9%，伸吻比率下降了10%；用400 mg/L草甘膦与50 mg/L微塑料协同处理20 d后，与对照组相比，蜜蜂死亡率为50%、伸吻比率下降了45%左右。结果表明草甘膦和微塑料均会导致西方蜜蜂存活率降低，影响其糖反应行为，而两者协同处理对西方蜜蜂的影响更显著。

Effects of glyphosate and microplastics on the survival and sucrose responsiveness of Apis mellifera

To analyze the effects of glyphosate and microplastics on the survival and behavior of Apis mellifera, in this study, 400 mg/L glyphosate, 50 mg/L microplastic and a mixture of both were fed to 1-day-old worker bees of Apis mellifera. 20 days after treatment, the survival rate of workers was recorded daily, and sucrose responsiveness of workers was measured by the proboscis extension reflex (PER) assay. The survival rate of bees treated with 400 mg/L glyphosate decreased by 22% and the sucrose responsiveness of these bees decreased by 30% compared to the control bees. And the survival rate of bees treated with 50 mg/L microplastic decreased by 9% compared to the control group, and the sucrose responsiveness was not significant. Finally, the survival rate of bees treated with mixture of both 400 mg/L glyphosateand 50 mg/L microplastic decreased by 50% and the sucrose responsiveness decreased by about 45% compared to the control group bees. Both glyphosate and microplastic could cause a decrease in survival rate and affected the survival of bees, respectively, while mixture of them had more stronger effect on the survival and sucrose responsiveness of honey bee than they used alone.