漯河地区农田灯下蛾类群落结构和优势蛾生态位分析

为明确农田生境灯下蛾类群落结构和优势蛾的生态位特点，2017-2021年在漯河市郊区农田利用虫情测报灯对蛾类进行了逐日监测分析。结果表明，5年共诱集蛾类昆虫11科121种150 861头，统计得到个体数量（N)、物种丰富度(S)、群落多样性指数(H)、相似性系数(Cs)、生态位宽度（Bi）和生态位重叠(Cij)等相关群落数据参数。3-11月农田灯下蛾类个体数量、物种丰富度和群落多样性指数，均随时间呈先增加后减小的趋势；不同月份间的群落相似性指数差异较大。年度优势蛾为东方黏虫M. separata、棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera和甜菜夜蛾Spodoptera exigua 3种。月度优势蛾共9种，其中亚洲玉米螟Ostrinia furnacalis和棉铃虫的生态位宽度最大0.4434和0.4002，东方黏虫最小（0.1811）；棉铃虫和甜菜叶螟Hymenia recurvalis与其余8种优势蛾的生态位重叠指数均较大，而东方黏虫和其余优势蛾的生态位重叠指数均较小。研究结果为开展蛾类监测预警和有效防治提供参考数据。

Community structure of moths and niche characteristics of dominant moths under lampin Luohe area farmland

In order to observe the community structure and the niche characteristics of the dominant moths under lamp in agricultural ecological environment, a forecasting lamp was set in the suburb farmland of Luohe City from 2017 to 2021. The results indicated that there were a total of 150 681 moths trapped, belonging to 121 species and 11 families. Individual number, species richness, diversity index, coefficient of similarity, niche breadth and niche overlap of the moths community were all studied. Individual number, species richness and diversity index of the moths all increased firstly with time advancing and then decreased. There were significant diversities in the coefficients of the similarity among different month community. The annual dominant species were Mythimna separata(Walker), Helicoverpa armigera Hübner and Spodoptera exigua Hübner. Among the 9 monthly dominant moths, the niche breadths were the largest for Ostrinia furnacalis(Guenée) (0.4434) and H. armigera (0.4002), and the smallest for M. separata (0.1811). The niche overlap indexs with the remaining 8 monthly dominate moths were large for H. armigera and Hymenia recurvalis Fabricius, and small for M. separata. The results were important for the following studies on the moths monitoring and the pest control.