菱斑巧瓢虫替代饲料的研究

瓢虫成虫饥饿24h后,通过室内对菱斑巧瓢虫Oenopia conglobata (Linnaeus)成虫饲喂24种人工饲料,研究菱斑巧瓢虫的取食行为;以桃蚜(MP)作对照,选择羊肝+蔗糖(SLS)、猪肝+蔗糖(PLS)、黄粉虫蛹+蔗糖(TMPS)3种饲料研究瓢虫产卵量;以白蛾周氏啮小蜂蛹(CCP)、SLS、PLS和MP对瓢虫成虫进行交叉饲喂试验,每周期7d,研究饥饿后恢复产卵时间和产卵量的差异;最后以CCP和MP饲喂瓢虫幼虫,观察其发育历期。结果表明:在羊肝、鸡心、菜蛾幼虫、鸡肝和黄粉虫蛹组中,无论是否添加蔗糖,瓢虫取食情况较好。瓢虫成虫饲喂SLS、TMPS、PLS及MP后,MP组的14d单雌产卵量为166.25粒、SLS组为18.15粒、PLS为9.65粒和TMPS组3.90粒,瓢虫恢复产卵的时间也有差异,MP组仅需要1d,而其它组需要3d至至5d。交叉饲喂试验发现,CCP组产卵量(40.67～46.87粒/雌)明显高于常用饲料-PLS组(4.53～7.13粒/雌),但与MP组(61.80～82.07粒/雌)仍有一定差距。利用CCP饲喂瓢虫幼虫,可以完成整个发育历期,但是存活率较低,1～4龄幼虫各龄期内存活率在63.64%～87.50%之间,并且发育历期(21.23d)明显长于饲喂MP组(15.71d)。

Studies on the substitute diet of Oenopia conglobata

After fasting for 24 h,through feeding 24 kinds of artificial diets to Oenopia conglobate indoor,their feeding behavior was studied.And with the control of Myzus persicae(Sulzer)(MP) group,it was chose 3 kinds of diets to study the egg amount of ladybug,including sheep liver + sucrose(SLS),porcine liver + sucrose(PLS),Tenebrio molitor L.pupa + sucrose(TMPS).Then selecting the diet of Chouioia cunea yang pupa(CCP),SLS,PLS and MP to conduct the cross experiment,7 days per period,the difference of laying time and egg amount were researched.Finally,through feeding the CCP and MP diet to ladybug larva,and it was investigated the developmental period.The results showed that:in the group of feeding sheep liver,chicken heart,Plutella xylostella larvae,chicken liver or T.molitor pupa,whether adding sucrose or not,the feeding behavior were relatively better.After feeding of SLS,TMPS,PLS or MP to ladybug adult,the eggs of MP group in 14 d per female were 166.25,in SLS group were 18.15,in PLS group were 9.65,and in TMPG were 3.90;the time of renewing lay was different,in MP group it needed 1 d,but in the other group it needed 3 d to 5 d.In cross feeding experiment,the each female amount of pawned egg in CCP group(40.67-46.87 eggs) were obviously higher than the PLS group(40.67-46.87 eggs),but there was large difference in contrast to the MP group(61.80 82.07 eggs).Feeding the CCP diet to the larvae of ladybug,the wholly developmental period could beaccomplished,but the survival rate was relatively low,which ranged 63.64%-87.50% in the 1-4 different instars of larva,and the developmental period(21.23 d) was obviously longer than the control(15.71 d).