4种饵料对小火蚁工蚁的诱集效果比较

小火蚁Wasmannia auropunctata Roger被世界自然保护联盟（IUCN）列为最具危害性的100种入侵物种之一。2022年1月份，小火蚁首次被发现入侵中国大陆，开发小火蚁的监测技术对于摸清该种入侵蚂蚁的发生程度与分布范围有重要意义。本文测定了火腿肠、花生酱、花生油和蜂蜜等4种饵料对小火蚁的诱集效果，并对不同生境小火蚁数量进行了调查。室内试验中火腿肠诱集效果最好，花生酱和花生油次之，蜂蜜最差。在野外试验中，花生酱和火腿肠的诱集效果最佳，放置30 min的诱集数量与60 min时无显著差异，并且饵料摆放瓶口处能诱集到更多工蚁，上午和下午更适宜进行诱集试验。利用花生酱进行野外调查发现小火蚁在山腰、山脚、屋内、田埂和路边等生境中均有分布。以上结果为进一步开展小火蚁疫情的调查提供了参考。

Attraction of four food lures to workers of the little fire ant, Wasmannia auropunctata Roger

The little fire ant (Wasmannia auropunctata Roger) is listed as one of the 100 most harmful invasive species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). In January 2022, little fire ants were discovered to invade mainland China for the first time. The development of monitoring technology for little fire ants is of great significance to find out the occurrence and distribution of this invasive ants. In this paper, the trapping effects of ham sausage, peanut butter, peanut oil and honey on the little fire ants were determined, and the number of little fire ants in different habitats was investigated. The trapping effect of ham sausage was the best in the indoor test, followed by peanut butter and peanut oil, and honey was the worst. In the outside test, peanut butter and ham sausage had the best trapping effect, and there was no significant difference in the number of traps placed for 30 minutes and 60 minutes, and the food lures placed at the top of the bottle could attract more worker ants. Morning and afternoon were more suitable for trap testing. Field investigations using peanut butter found that small fire ants were distributed in habitats such as mountainsides, foothills, houses, fields and roadsides. The above results provide a reference for further investigation of the little fire ant epidemic.