昆虫病原线虫防治烟草小地老虎技术优化研究

小地老虎Agrotis ipsilon是烟草Nicotiana tabacum移栽期主要的切根害虫，严重危害烟草生产。为研判烟草生产中符合双减（减肥、减药）要求的生物和生态防控技术，集成适合推广的虫害综合治理模式，本研究在云南玉溪华宁县以昆虫病原线虫（EPN）Steinernema carpocapsae All粉剂和化学药剂敌杀死（溴氰菊酯）处理，配合2种幼虫食诱方法（传统引诱剂、人工引诱剂）以及2种增效助剂（激健1、2）组合，调查移栽后烟草幼苗受小地老虎危害死亡率，评价生物药剂、食诱剂和助剂对烟草幼苗的保护效果。结果表明，无论是否存在食诱剂，移栽4 d各施药处理均能显著降低烟草幼苗死亡率，随时间的推移，所有处理的烟草幼苗死亡率均显著上升；无食诱剂情况下，EPN+激健1和敌杀死于移栽7 d仍具显著保苗效果；传统的糖醋酒液食诱法本身具备一定保苗效果，配合施药，初期效果最好，4 d时，烟草幼苗危害率最低达0.83%±0.008%（传统食诱剂+昆虫病原线虫）；人工食诱剂持效性最好，移栽10 d时配合EPN、EPN+激健2和敌杀死仍具明显保苗效果。施用化学药剂时，食诱剂本身对保苗效果无显著贡献；使用EPN时，传统食诱法较空白具有显著保苗效果，但与人工食诱法间差异不显著。移栽4 d时，EPN+激健1较单独施放EPN具显著保苗效果，之后调查中添加助剂小区与EPN小区无显著差异。综上所述，EPN粉剂配合人工食诱剂和激健助剂，可长期较好地抑制小地老虎对烟草幼苗危害，为集成烟草全程绿色生态治理模式提供了有效参考。

Optimisation of entomopathogenic nematode technology for the control of Agrotis ipsilon in tobacco

Agrotis ipsilon is a major root-cutting pest of Nicotiana tabacum seedlings and is a serious threat to tobacco production. In order to identify biological/ecological control technologies that meet the requirements of pesticide reduction in tobacco production and to develop an IPM model suitable for dissemination, this study was conducted in Huanning County, Yuxi, Yunnan Province. Entomopathogenic nematode (EPN)Steinernema carpocapsae All powder and the chemical deltamethrin treatment, together with two larval feeding lure methods (traditional and artificial)and two pesticide adjuvants (Ji-Jian 1 and 2)were used to investigate the mortality of seedlings after transplanting in order to evaluate the protective effect of EPN agent, luring and adjuvant on seedlings. The results showed that all treatments significantly reduced seedling mortality at 4 d of transplanting, regardless of the presence or absence of food attractants, and that the mortality rate of all treatments increased significantly with increasing transplanting date. The traditional food lure with sweet-vinegar solution had certain effect and was most effective in the early stage of application, with a minimum damage rate of 0.83%±0.008 (in combination with EPN). The artificial food attractant had the best persistence and was still effective at 10 d after transplanting when combined with EPN, EPN+Ji-Jian 2 and deltamethrin. When chemicals were applied, the food attractant itself did not contribute significantly to seedling retention. When EPN was used, the traditional food bait had a significant retention effect compared to the blank, but no difference was seen between it and the artificial food attractant. At 4 d of transplanting, EPN+Ji-Jian 1 was significantly more effective than EPN alone, and no significant differences thereafter. In conclusion, EPN powder, together with artificial food attractants and Ji-Jian adjuvants, could suppress the damage of cutworms to tobacco seedlings in the long term, providing an effective reference for the integration of a green ecological management model for tobacco.