两种侵袭宿主方式的优势种马胃蝇飞行能力研究

为了解两种不同侵染宿主方式马胃蝇的飞行行为，本研究利用飞行磨系统测定了黑腹胃蝇Gasterophilus pecorum（以牧草为产卵载体）和肠胃蝇G. intestinalis（以宿主体毛为产卵载体）的飞行能力。结果表明:（1）肠胃蝇总飞行时间和距离均显著高于黑腹胃蝇，分别为后者的5.52倍和7.65倍，但平均飞行速度无显著性差异（P>0.05）。（2）黑腹胃蝇雌虫的飞行时间、距离和速度均略高于雄虫，而肠胃蝇雌虫除平均飞行速度外的飞行参数均低于雄虫。（3）肠胃蝇吊飞期间的体重消耗（24.38%）显著高于黑腹胃蝇（14.07%）；黑腹胃蝇雌雄成虫甘油三酯含量均显著下降，但两者差异不显著（P>0.05）。飞行距离差异反映了两种不同侵染宿主方式马胃蝇的飞行能力发生了适应性的变化，而总飞行时间为两种马胃蝇飞行距离差异的主导因素。

Study on flight performance of the dominant of horse stomach bot fly species with two modes of host infection

To understand the flight behaviors of horse stomach bot flies with two different modes of host infection, flight performances of Gasterophilus pecorum (using pasture plants as oviposition carrier)and G. intestinalis (using host body hair as oviposition carrier)were assayed on flight mill. The results show that: (1)The total flight duration and distance of G. intestinalis were significantly higher than those of G. pecorum, with 5.52-fold and 7.65-fold differences favouring the former species, but there was no significant difference in the average flight velocity between them (P>0.05). (2)Flight duration, distance, and velocity of G. pecorum females were slightly higher than those of males; while the flight parameters of G. intestinalis females except for the average flight velocity, were slightly lower than those of males. (3)After flight, the mass loss of G. intestinalis was significantly higher than that of G. pecorum, which were 24.38% and 14.07%, respectively; and the triglyceride contents of female and male G. pecorum decreased significantly, but the difference in the percentage of relative triglyceride loss between them was not significant (P>0.05). The difference in flight distance reflects the adaptive change in flight performances of two species of horse stomach bot flies with different infection modes, while total flight duration was the dominant factor of the difference in flight distance between them.