不同温度对三叶虫萤卵孵化和初孵幼虫发育的影响

本文研究了三叶虫萤Emeia pseudosauteri在不同恒温设置和室内变温条件下卵孵化率和初孵幼虫存活率,并通过直接最优法和直线回归法计算出了三叶虫萤卵的发育起点温度和有效积温。结果表明:12~30℃恒温条件下,卵的孵化率随着温度升高显著下降(P<0.05),且均低于室内变温条件(P<0.05)下的孵化率;初孵幼虫在恒温15℃下的存活率最高,为73.13%;低于12℃和高于30℃恒温中初孵幼虫均无法存活;在恒温条件12~30℃下,卵的发育历期随温度升高而缩短,其中恒温12℃下最长,发育历期为42.96 d(n=3),恒温30℃下最短,发育历期仅12.75 d(n=3)。通过直接最优法计算出三叶虫萤卵的发育起点温度为3.52℃,有效积温分别为382.20 d·℃。上述结果为三叶虫萤的人工繁育提供了参考。

Effects of different temperatures on the hatching of eggs and development of newly hatched larvae of Emeia pseudosauteri

This paper studied the hatching rate of the eggs and the survival rate of the first hatched larvae of Emeia pseudosauteri under different permanent temperatures and indoor changing temperatures,and determined the development threshold temperature and effective accumulated temperatures,by the direct optimal method and linear regression method.The results showed that the hatch rates of the eggs decreased significantly with the increase of the temperature under 12~30℃(P<0.05),and lower than that at room temperature(P<0.05).The newly hatched larvae had the highest survival rate of 73.13%at constant temperature of 15℃,and were unable to survive under below 12℃and above 30℃.The development period of the eggs was shortened with the increase of temperature under the constant temperatures of 12~30℃,the longest development period of 42.96 d(n=3)under constant temperatures of 12℃and the shortest development period of 12.75 d(n=3)under constant temperatures of 30℃.The development threshold temperature was 3.52℃and the effective accumulated temperature was 382.20 d·℃.These results provide the reference for artificial breeding of Emeia pseudosauteri.