从利益相关者角度剖析国内外生态旅游实践的变形

尽管很多学者和组织机构对生态旅游的内涵作出过阐述，但生态旅游的实践却相差甚大。尤其在中国，由于“99生态旅游年”的影响，在自然环境中进行的所有旅游活动形式几乎都打上了生态旅游的标签。针对现实中伪生态旅游的泛滥，有必要对那些不规范的生态旅游提出专业的要求。生态旅游真正实现的关键在于其所涉及的不同利益群体之间的关系中，主要包括当地政府、当地居民、旅游经营者和生态旅游者。从利益相关者角度对生态旅游实践中存在或潜在的各种问题进行了剖析，探索那些伪生态旅游所存在问题的根源。

Analysis on unqualified ecotourism practice: From the point of view of stakeholders

Despite the considerable literature defining what ecotourism is or should be,`Ecotourism' is experiencing various practices with different features.Now the term `Ecotourism' is almost applied to all tourism activities that are based on nature.Faced to the flooding of those unqualified ecotourism,it is of great necessity to put forward professional claim.The writer holds that the key to the realization of rigorous ecotourism chiefly lies in the relationships among the different interest groups involved.So the focus of this paper is to give a special analysis to the interest relations among those stakeholders,which include local government,tour operators,local residents and ecotourists,and thus help to find out what's wrong with those unqualified ecotourism and the roots of those problems.