中国AM真菌的生物多样性

菌根是真菌与植物根系所建立的互惠共生体 ,其中以丛枝菌根在自然界中分布最广。AM真菌遍布各生态系统 ,不仅大量分布于农田和森林土壤 ,而且还广泛存在于多种逆境环境中。绝大多数的植物包括苔鲜、蕨类、裸子植物、被子植物都能被AM真菌侵染。我国的AM真菌研究始于 2 0世纪 80年代 ,迄今为止 ,已经对多种生态环境中多种寄主植物根围的AM真菌进行了调查研究 ,共报道了 7个属的 99种AM真菌。本文从物种多样性、生境多样性和寄主多样性等三个方面概括介绍了 2 0年来我国在AM真菌生物多样性研究中取得的进展 ,并探讨了未来的研究动向。

Biodiversity of AM fungi in China

In the symbiotic association of plant and fungi,arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM),which is formed between plants and Glomales fungi,has the widest distribution in the nature.AM fungi inhabit a variety of ecosystems including farmland,forests and many stressed environments and colonize the roots of most plants,including bryophyte,pteridophyte,gymnosperm and angiosperm.A total of 99 AM fungi species within 7 genera have been reported in the rhizosphere of different plants in various environments of China since 1980s.Advances in the past 20 years in AM fungal biodiversity,including species diversity,habitat diversity and host diversity,were reviewed in this paper.Some prospects in the biodiversity of AM fungi were also given in the article.