浑善达克沙地草场资源评价与载畜量研究--以内蒙古正蓝旗沙地区为例

浑善达克沙地是我国的四大沙地之一，也是气候变化及人类活动影响较为敏感的地区之一。20世纪60年代以后，由于人为不合理的活动，特别是过度放牧，使该沙地草场发生严重的退化、沙化，其荒漠化发展速度成为全国少数几个超过4％的地区之一。不仅造成草场生产力的显著下降，制约牲畜业的健康发展，而且成为京津地区最主要的沙尘源之一。本文以内蒙古正蓝旗的浑善达克沙地区为例，通过收集资料、进行野外实地考察和调查，分析沙地草场植被类型及其分布特征，测算各类型草场典型群落的生产能力并进行草场资源评价，在此基础上探讨其沙地草场的理论载畜能力，为科学、合理利用草场提出理论依据。

Pasture resources evaluation and stocking density in Hunshandake Sandy Land:Case study of Zhenglan Banner, Inner Mongolia

Hunshandake Sand Land is one of the four main sandy area of China. It is also one of the districts that are sensitive to climatic changes and human activities. Since 1960s, due to the irrational human activities, especially over-grazing, this sand pasture has been deteriorated and desertified severely. Consequently, not only the pasture productivity has been reduced, but also the development of livestock industry has been restricted seriously. Now Hunshandake Sand has become one of the main sand source for Beijing and Tianjin Region. Thus, daily life of local people and ecological safety are under more and more serious threat. The paper took Zhenglan Ban- ner, Inner Mongolia, as an example. We analyzed the vegetation types and its distribution characteristics, measured and calculated the production capacity and evaluated the pasture resources. The theoretical stocking density of the sandy pasture in Hunshandke Sandy Land was also discussed which provided a theoretical basis for scientifically and rationally use of pasture resources.