城市景观空间自相关与自相似的尺度特征研究

在RS与GIS技术支持下，以上海市外环以内城市中心区为区域背景，研究城市景观格局空间自相关与分形结构在不同粒度下的变化特征，揭示其对粒度的响应特征和敏感程度。结果表明，城市景观格局的空间自相关性和自相似性依赖于粒度的选择，MoranⅠ与各种景观类型的分维数均存在尺度效应；城市景观格局空间自相关性与自相似性在一定尺度范围内具有尺度依赖性，但二者对尺度的依赖程度不同。空间自相关性具有较高的尺度依赖性；而不同景观类型的自相似性随尺度的变化没有统一规律；城市景观格局的空间自相关性和自相似性对尺度变化的敏感点不同。居住景观的MoranⅠ对尺度变化的敏感点为50m，其他景观类型无明显的敏感点；分维数对尺度的敏感点因景观类型不同而异。

Scales of spatial autocorrelation and self-similarity of urban landscape pattern

Choosing the center area of Shanghai as regional background,this paper analyzed the urban landscape pattern characters with different grains by the technology of RS and GIS.The results showed that landscape indices of Moran I and fractal dimension were all related to the grains.The spatial autocorrelation and self-similarity of urban landscape pattern depended on different scales within certain range of scale,with the depending degree differed greatly.The spatial autocorrelation highly depended on the scaling,while the spatial self-similarity did not follow the scaling regularly.The spatial autocorrelation and self-similarity of urban landscape pattern had different sensitive points to the scaling.For the landscape of residence,Moran I,which characterized the spatial autocorrelation of the urban landscape structure,had the sensitive point to the scaling at the level of 50 m.However,sensitive points to fractal dimension differed greatly among different types of landscape patches.