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绿洲-荒漠过渡带土壤蓄水量的空间分布及其时间稳定性
引用本文:张帅普,邵明安,李丹凤.绿洲-荒漠过渡带土壤蓄水量的空间分布及其时间稳定性[J].生态学杂志,2017,28(8):2509-2516.
作者姓名:张帅普  邵明安  李丹凤
作者单位:1.西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 陕西杨凌 712100 ;2.西北农林科技大学黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西杨凌 712100 ;3.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室, 北京 100101 ;4.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地水循环与地表过程重点实验室, 北京 100101
基金项目:本文由国家自然科学基金项目(91025018,41530854)资助
摘    要:掌握土壤水分动态变化规律是绿洲地区水资源管理与生态建设的关键.本文在黑河中游绿洲与荒漠交错地带设置面积约50 km2的研究区域,持续监测2012—2014年间植被生长季节土壤水分含量,利用地统计分析与时间稳定性分析探索土壤水分的时空分布特征.结果表明: 黑河北岸绿洲-荒漠过渡带土壤蓄水量8月最大、10月最小,0~2 m土层土壤平均蓄水厚度约367 mm.绿洲-荒漠过渡带土壤水分梯度除受河流影响外,还与土地利用方式密切相关.不同土地利用类型土壤蓄水量依次为农地>乔木林地>灌木林地>荒漠,农地土壤蓄水量平均高出外围荒漠土壤蓄水量300%以上.研究区内各采样点土壤水分时间稳定性具有明显的空间差异,不同土地利用类型土壤水分稳定程度依次为灌木林地>荒漠>农地>乔木林地.河流对沿岸绿洲土壤水分的直接影响集中在3 km以内,在河岸绿洲与新垦沙地农田之间存在一条土壤水分较为稳定的样带,可以用于指示绿洲生态系统的发展与演变.

关 键 词:土壤水分  空间分布  时间稳定性  生态交错带  黑河
收稿时间:2017-03-02

Spatial distribution and temporal stability of soil water storage in an oasis-desert ecotone
ZHANG Shuai-pu,SHAO Ming-an,LI Dan-feng.Spatial distribution and temporal stability of soil water storage in an oasis-desert ecotone[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2017,28(8):2509-2516.
Authors:ZHANG Shuai-pu  SHAO Ming-an  LI Dan-feng
Abstract:Understanding soil water dynamics is crucial to water resource management and ecological construction in oasis regions. In this paper, a case study was conducted to examine the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of soil water using geostatistical analysis and temporal stability analysis in the oasis-desert ecotone of the middle reaches of Heihe River Basin, based on the field monitoring of soil water content throughout the growing season from 2012 to 2014 in a 50 km2 area. Results showed that soil water storage for the oasis-desert ecotone on the north shore of the Heihe River was highest in August and lowest in October. The mean soil water storage in the 0-2 m profile was approximately 367 mm. The gradient distribution of soil water storage from the oasis to the desert was not only related to the river channel but also to the land use type. Soil water storage in different land uses followed the order of cropland>forest land>shrub land>desert. On average, soil water storage in the cropland was300% higher than that in the desert. There existed great differences in the temporal stability of soil water storage at different sampling points, and the strength of temporal stability in various land uses was in order of shrub land>desert>cropland>forest land. The seasonal variations of river water had direct effects on soil water within the distance of 3 km. A time-stable transect of soil water was observed between the river-bank oasis and the newly cultivated cropland, which indicated the development and evolution of the oasis ecosystem.
Keywords:soil water  spatial distribution  temporal stability  ecotone  Heihe River
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