人工饲养丹顶鹤繁殖季节行为的时间分配

对哈尔滨动物园两组人工饲养的丹顶鹤繁殖季节的行为时间分配进行研究，结果表明。人工饲养丹顶鹤繁殖期行为的时间分配与野生丹顶鹤不同，按频率依次为：游走39．8％、休息21．9％、取食21．0％、理羽14．5％、繁殖2．8％；其繁殖期行为呈明显的日节律性，游走行为在中午呈现高峰，而其它行为则主要出现在上午和下午；在不同的繁殖阶段，行为时间分配总体上无明显差异。但中期的繁殖行为仍明显高于前、后期；两性间行为的时间分配差异未达显著性水平；天气阴晴状况是影响繁殖期各种行为时间分配的重要因素。通过与野生丹顶鹤进行初步比较分析，发现人工饲养鹤在行为时间分配及节律方面与野生鹤有较大差异。

Behavior time budget of rearing Grus japonensis during breeding season

From April to June in 2000 and 2001 in Harbin Zoo,the behavior time budget of two groups of rearing G.japonensis during breeding season were studied and compared with that of the wild.The results showed that there was significant difference on time budget between the rearing and the wild.The time budget percentages of Grus gaponensis were walking 39.8%, resting 21.9%,feeding 21 0%,preening 14.5% and breeding 2 8%,respectively.The rearing had obvious daily behavior rhythm during breeding season with walking behavior getting the peak at noon and others appearing mainly in the morning and afternoon.Among three breeding stages,there was no significant difference at 0.05 level on time budget,but it still could be observed that the breeding behavior at middle stage was higher than those at other stages.There was no significant difference between time budgets of male and female.Sky condition,that is,sunshine or rain,was an important factor affecting the behavior time budget.It could be concluded that the behavior time budget of G.japonensis during breeding season significantly differed from that of the wild,which may be regarded as a comprehensive performance of adaptation to environmental changes.