雷州半岛红树林湿地鸟类多样性

从2000年5月-2003年11月,调查了雷州半岛红树林湿地鸟类.共记录鸟类133种,水鸟和迁徙鸟分别占总记录鸟类数量的81.7%和70.4%.分别有9种、2种、16种和12种鸟被列为中国红皮书保护种、IUCN保护种、CITES保护种和中国国家Ⅱ级保护种;还有63种被列为中日候鸟协定保护种、32种被列为中澳候鸟协定保护种.不同调查地点,鸟类的种类和数量相差较大,高桥鸟类最丰富,记录到83种鸟;五里鸟类种类最少,仅记录到40种鸟,各地鸟类种的相似性很低.环颈鸻(Charadrius alexandrinus)、白腰杓鹬(Numenius arquata)和红嘴鸥(Larus ridibundus)在雷州半岛的种群数量达到国际重要湿地的标准.雷州半岛鸟类种的丰度和多度季节变化明显,冬季种类多、数量丰富,夏季种类少、数量贫乏.冬季和夏季总的鸟类数量(P=0.043)和水鸟数量(P=0.001)差异明显.保护整个沿海红树林湿地是保护雷州半岛红树林湿地鸟类多样性的关键.

Avian diversity on mangrove wetland of Leizhou Peninsula

From May 2000 to November 2003,an investigation was made on the avian diversity at seven sites on the mangrove wetland of Leizhou Peninsula.A total of 133 species was recorded.The individuals of water birds and migratory birds accounted for 81.7% and 70.4% of the total,respectively.Among the species recorded,nine species were listed in the China Red Data Book of Endangered Animals,two species were listed as vulnerable by IUCN,sixteen species were listed by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species(CITES),twelve species were Chinese National Key Protected species,sixty-three species were listed in the China and Japan Agreement on Conservation of Migratory Birds,and thirty-two species were listed in the China and Australia Agreement on Conservation of Migratory Birds.The species number of the avian at the seven sites had a greater difference,with the greatest(83) at site Gaoqiao and the least(40) at site Wuli,and the Jaccard's species similarity among the seven sites was very low.The population amounts of Kentish Plover(Charadrius alexandrinus),Eurasian Curlew(Numenius arquata) and Black-headed Gull(Larus ridibundus) in the Peninsula satisfied the criterion for internationally important wetlands.The numbers of species and individuals were greater in winter than in summer,and there was a significant difference in total avian abundance(P=0.043) and water bird abundance(P=0.001) between these two seasons.For the conservation of avian diversity on the mangrove wetland in Leizhou Peninsula,it's necessary to protect the whole coastline mangrove wetland in the Peninsula.