外来植物的入侵机制及其生态风险评价

外来植物入侵已成为严重威胁生态系统健康发展的全球性问题,预防优于治理,对外来植物进行生态风险评价可有效地防御和降低入侵风险。本文基于生态风险评价理论,通过对外来植物入侵特性和过程的分析,探讨了外来植物入侵生态风险的评价方法。将评价程序分为风险源分析、风险受体评价、暴露与危害评价、风险综合评价和风险管理对策5部分,初步建立了风险源评价指标体系,以及度量生态损失和生态风险的指标和公式,进而得出外来植物入侵综合生态风险评价的方法。

Exotic plant invasion and its ecological risk assessment

Exotic plant invasion is an urgent global issue that threatens the sustainable development of ecosystem health.Its prevention is more effectual than treatment, and thus,the study of its ecological risk assessment could help us to prevent and reduce the invasion risk more effectively.Based on the theory of ecological risk assessment,and through the analyses of the characteristics and processes of exotic plant invasion,this paper discussed the methodologies of the ecological risk assessment of exotic plant invasion.The assessment procedure was consisted of risk source analysis,receptor analysis,exposure and hazard assessment,integral assessment,and working out of management measures.The indicator system of risk source assessment as well as the indices and formulas applied to measure the ecological loss and risk were established,and the method for comprehensively assessing the ecological risk of exotic plant invasion was worked out.