黄泥河自然保护区狍冬季栖息地选择

2009年12月—2010年1月,在黄泥河自然保护区采用样线法对狍冬季栖息地选择进行了研究。共设置了47条样线,调查了109个狍利用样方和109个对照样方,测定了海拔、坡度、坡向、坡位、隐蔽级、郁闭度、食物丰富度、灌丛盖度、树胸径、人为干扰距离、林型、裸岩、雪深、倒木和针叶树15类栖息地因子。Baileys法和Mann-WhiteyU检验表明:在黄泥河自然保护区冬季,狍喜欢在坡度平缓、平均海拔602m,位于阳坡或半阴半阳坡的中坡位上雪被较浅,食物丰富度、灌丛盖度和隐蔽级都较高的针阔混交林生境中活动,对倒木因子表现出明显的选择性,避开选择阴坡、裸岩和针叶林生境。在主成分分析中,前5个主成分中的累积贡献率达到88.6%,第一主成分贡献率为30.8%,主要反映利用样方的林型、海拔和隐蔽级的影响,第二主成分贡献率为26.5%,主要反映利用样方的食物丰富度和灌丛盖度影响。

Wintering habitat selection by roe deer (Capreolus capreolus ) in Huangnihe Nature Reserve, Jilin Province of Northeast China

From December 2009 to January 2010,an investigation was conducted to study the wintering habitat selection by roe deer(Capreolus capreolus) in the Huangnihe Nature Reserve.A total of 47 line transects were installed,and 109 quadrats used by roe deer and 109 control quadrats were investigated.Fifteen kinds of habitat factors were measured,including elevation,gradient,slope aspect,slope location,hiding level,canopy density,food abundance,shrub coverage,tree diameter at breast height,distance to human disturbance,forest type,bare rock,snow depth,fallen tree,and coniferous tree.The Baileys and Mann-Whitey U tests showed that the roe deer preferred the mixed broadleaf-coniferous forests characterized by gentle gradient,average elevation 602 m,sunny slope or half sunny slope,middle slope location,thinner snow depth,higher food abundance,higher shrub coverage,and higher hiding level,selected fallen trees positively,and avoided the habitats characterized by shady slope,bare rock,and coniferous forest.Principal component analysis indicated that in the wintering habitat selection by roe deer,the first 5 principal components had a cumulative contribution rate of 88.6%,in which,the first principal component had a contribution rate of 30.8%,mainly reflecting the effects of forest type,elevation,and hiding level,and the second principal component had a contribution rate of 26.5%,mainly reflecting the effects of food abundance and shrub coverage.