山东省农田防护林生态系统服务功能价值核算

研究农田防护林生态系统服务功能价值对于区域经济的发展和生态环境的保护具有重要意义。运用市场价值法、机会成本法、影子价格法等,对山东省2001和2005年农田防护林生态服务功能价值进行了核算。结果表明:2001和2005年农田防护林生态服务功能的总价值分别为95.83亿元和124.97亿元,各项生态服务指标的价值顺序为保育土壤>作物增产>生物多样性保护>固碳供氧>净化空气;生态服务的总价值年均增加7.29亿元,其中保育土壤的价值增加最大为3.23亿元,其余依次是作物增产、生物多样性保护、林产品、固碳供氧、净化空气,增加价值分别为2.19、1.25、0.56、0.05、0.01亿元。因此,农田防护林具有的生态服务功能价值是巨大的,应该尽快建立生态服务市场补偿机制和完善生态服务功能价值评估方法,促进农田防护林从生态型向生态经济型转变。

Evaluation of ecosystem services function value of farmland shelterbelts in Shandong Province

Evaluation of farmland shelterbelt ecosystem services is of vital importance due to its practical application in regional economical development and ecological environment protection.In this study,the farmland eco-service function value of Shandong Province in 2001-2005 was evaluated by the methods of market price,opportunity cost,and shadow price.In 2001 and 2005,the total ecological service function value of the farmland ecosystem in the Province was 95.83×108 and 124.97×108 Yuan,respectively,and the ecological service function index value was in the order of soil conservation > crop yield increment > biodiversity protection > CO2 fixation and O2 release > air purification.The increment of the total ecological service was 7.29×108 billion per year,among which,the increment value of soil conservation service was the largest(3.23×108 Yuan),followed by that of soil protection(2.19×108 Yuan),crop yield increment(1.25×108 Yuan),biodiversity protection(5.60×107 Yuan),CO2 fixation and O2 release(5.00×106 Yuan),and air purification(1.00×106 Yuan).Due to the tremendous ecological service function value of formlanl shelterbelt,the ecological service market compensation mechanism and the perfect ecological service function evaluation method should be established as early as possible,so as to transform farmland from an ecological type into an ecological and economical type.