快速城市化对南京东郊景观结构与格局的影响

城市化对区域景观的影响日益显著,如何协调城市区域土地开发与生态保护的关系,成为重要的基础性问题之一。本文以南京仙林新市区为案例,利用遥感和GIS方法,对研究区景观结构和格局变化进行分析。结果表明:2003—2009年,研究区景观结构发生了巨大的变化,区域主导景观类型已经由半自然半人工景观逐渐转变为人工景观。其中耕地受人为影响变化较大,55.6%的面积消失;水塘以数量丧失为基本特征,丧失率为56.4%;建筑用地面积增加明显,年均增加7.1%。伴随景观结构变化,区域景观格局变化十分明显,其中景观多样性指数从1.38升高为1.68;均匀度指数从0.60变成0.73;连接度指数由0.15变为0.32。

Impact of rapid urbanization on landscape structure and pattern in Nanjing east suburb

The impact of urbanization on regional landscape is increasingly significant. How to harmonize the relationship between land exploitation and ecological protection becomes one of the most important and fundamental issues. Based on RS and GIS techniques, this paper studied the dynamic changes of landscape structure and pattern in the rapidly urbanized area, Xianlin New Town, of Nanjing. Significant changes of landscape structure had occurred in the study area from 2003 to 2009. The predominant landscape had gradually transformed from semi-natural landscape to man-made landscape. Cultivated land was dramatically impacted by human activities, and 55.6% of it was lost. The number of pond also reduced a lot, with a loss of 56.4%. The area of urban construction land was increased by 7.1% annually. With the rapid change in landscape structure, the landscape pattern also changed. The index of landscape diversity increased from 1.38 to 1.68, evenness index increased from 0.60 to 0.73, and connectivity index varied from 0.15 to 0.32.