江西省阔叶林生态系统服务功能价值动态分析

依据林业行业标准《森林生态系统服务功能评估规范》(LY/T1721—2008),利用江西省第五、第六次森林资源清查资料、森林生态站长期观测数据、公开发表文献数据及社会公共数据,对江西省"九五"和"十五"期间阔叶林生态系统服务功能价值进行了动态分析。结果表明:江西省阔叶林在"九五"期间生态系统服务功能年均总价值为1880亿元,单位面积价值为11.1万元·hm-2·a-1;"十五"期间生态系统服务功能年均总价值为2010亿元,单位面积价值为11.0万元·hm-2·a-1;年均总价值增长了6.91%,但单位面积价值减少了0.95%;其中,生物多样性保护和固碳释氧价值及其在总价值中所占比重增加最快;江西省阔叶林净生产力增长缓慢,致使2个时期6项服务功能价值大小排列顺序略有差异,但涵养水源、生物多样性保护和固碳释氧价值等前3项功能约占年均总价值的95%;在确保森林质量的同时,通过阔叶林保护和恢复、低效残次林改造及退耕还林工程等方式增加阔叶林面积,是提高阔叶林生态系统服务功能总价值的有效方式。

Dynamic analysis of broadleaved forest ecosystem services values in Jiangxi Province of China

According to the Specifications for Assessment of Forest Ecosystem Services in China (LY/T 1721-2008), and based on the fifth and sixth forest resource investigation data of Jiangxi Province, long-term monitoring data from Jiangxi forest ecology stations, published data, and social public data, a dynamic analysis was made on the broadleaved forest ecosystem services values in Jiangxi Province between the ninth (1996-2000) and the tenth (2001-2005) five-year periods. The total value of the services in the ninth and tenth five-year periods was 188 and 201 billion Yuan per year and 111 and 110 thousand Yuan per hectare, respectively, with the total value per year from the ninth to the tenth five-year periods increased by 6.91% and that per area decreased by 0.95%. In the total services value, the services values of biodiversity conservation, carbon fixation, and oxygen release as well as their proportions increased most rapidly. In the two five-year periods, the net productivity of the broadleaved forests in the Province had a slow increase, which might lead to a slight difference in the permutation order of six services values. Nevertheless, the services values of water conservation, biodiversity conservation, carbon fixation, and oxygen release composed about 95% of the total services value. At the time of guaranteeing forest quality, to increase the broadleaved forest area through the preservation and restoration of broadleaved forest, reconstruction of deteriorated forest, and conversion of farmland to forest land could be the efficient way to improve the total services value of the broadleaved forest ecosystem in the Province.