河北省草本植物物候特征及其对气候变暖的响应

以1981—2006年河北省8个国家农业气象观测站的草本植物物候观测资料和47个气象站的地面观测资料为基础,运用EOF和REOF等统计学方法,研究了河北省草本植物物候期的变化特征及其对气候变暖的响应。结果表明:河北省草本植物展叶始期总体呈提前趋势,其中东部沿海平原提前趋势最大,中南部平原次之,西北部山区最小;黄枯始期主要表现出推迟趋势,生长季长度以延长趋势为主;春季气温对展叶始期的影响显著,河北省春季气温上升1℃,草本植物展叶始期提前4.1d;各站点生长季倾向率与年均温倾向率呈正相关,即年均温升幅大的站点,生长季延长的幅度也较大;草本植物物候变化特征及其对气候变暖的响应与木本植物基本一致,研究结果对丰富河北省物候与气候变化关系研究具有一定意义。

Phenological characteristics of herbaceous plants in Hebei Province and their responses to climate warming

Based on the herbaceous plants phenological observation data of 8 National agro-meteorological observation stations and the ground observation data of 47 meteorological stations in Hebei Province from 1981 to 2006, and by using EOF and REOF methods, this Paper analyzed the phenological characteristics of herbaceous plants in this Province and the responses of the plants to climate warming. In 1981-2006, the herbaceous plants in the Province had an overall advancing trend in their first leafing date, and the trend was most obvious in the eastern coastal plain, followed by in the central-southern plain, and in the northwest mountain region. The first withering date of the herbaceous plants delayed, and the growth season extended. The air temperature in spring had significant effects on the first leafing date, i.e., when the air temperature increased by 1 ℃, the first leafing date was advanced by 4.1 days. There was a significant positive correlation between the growth season trend and the mean annual air temperature, i.e., the greater the increment of mean annual air temperature, the greater the increment of growth season extension. The phenological characteristics of herbaceous plants and their responses to climate change were similar to those of woody plants. This study would be helpful to the evaluation of the relationships between phenology and climate change in Hebei Province.