丘陵区生态农业旅游的垂直景观生态研究

针对城郊丘陵区的地貌特征，生态农业旅游景观应按坡度和等高线布置，形成山顶水保林带、坡上桃树带、坡中枇杷带、坡下特种瓜果带、山底特色水域带的垂直生态景观模式。这种模式不仅具有良好的景观效果，也产生了很好的生态效益。试验区植被覆盖率显著提高，物种多样性得到了恢复，景观林带内的气温和土温降低、温度日变幅减少、空气相对湿度增加，这种效果由弱至强依次表现为农作地、水保林、经果林。果园自然生草、种植牧草后有利于降低土壤和空气温度、减少温度日变幅、增加空气相对湿度和防治水土流失的效果。

Vertical landscape ecology of eco-agricultural tourism in the hilly area

Based on the landforms in the hilly area of suburbs,the landscape of eco-agricultural tourism should be designed according to the degrees of slope and contour line of hills in order to develop a water-conserving forest on the tops,a peach tree covering on the upper slope section,a loquats tree covering in the middle slope section,a covering of special fruit trees and melons and vegetables on the lower slope section,and a special water area at the bottom.The model of vertical eco-landscape could bring in efficiency of landscape and ecology.In the experimental area,the vegetation coverage was increased and the biodiversity was restored.The landscape forests helped to lower the air and soil temperature,and the daily temperature changes decreased while the relative humidity increased.The good effects increased in the order of crops field,water-conserving forest and fruit tree forest.Wildly growing-grass and man-planted herbage in orchards could improve the relative humidity in the air,reduce air and soil temperature,lower the daily changes of temperature and conserve water and soil.