沈阳市城市空间扩展的生态安全格局

在分析沈阳市1956-2004年6个时期市区空间扩展规律及其原因基础上,选择地势地貌、地面塌陷危害、水体(河流湖泊和水田)、林地、基本农田和土壤污染6个生态控制因子,将城市拓展区分为优先发展、适合发展、限制发展和严禁发展4个等级,最终形成生态安全格局,揭示了生态安全保障下城市空间扩展的趋势和方向.结果表明:1956-2004年建成区持续扩增;2000年前,沿着浑河在东北-西南轴向延伸程度较大;2001-2004年城市集中向南、跨越浑河开发了浑南新区.沈阳市发展初期,其格局主要由工业生产力布局塑造,政治、经济因素为主导,至2004年,建成区面积已达291 km2,再继续扩张,生态因素将成为城市发展的重要限制因子之一.生态安全格局显示东部、西部发展受到限制;北部、南部和西南部存在较大发展空间,尤其南部扩展空间更大,可以以南部为主要扩展方向.

Ecological safety pattern of spatial extension in Shenyang City

Based on the change patterns of 6-period urban configuration in Shenyang City from 1956 to 2004 and their cause analysis, 6 ecological factors including geomorphology, land sinking, water body (river system and paddy field), forestland, basic farmland, and soil pollution were selected to divide the spatial extension of Shenyang City into preferred, suitable, confined, and strictly prohibited classes. The ecological safety pattern of Shenyang City was established to decide the direction and trend of urban growth with ecological safety. The results showed that Shenyang City was continuously extended from 1956 to 2004. Before 2000, the city was mainly extended to both northeast and southwest along Hunhe River, while the growth direction focused on the south, and the Hunnan New Strict was exploited from 2001 to 2004. During the early period of city development, the spatial pattern of Shenyang City was almost formed by industrial productivity distribution, with politic and economic factors as dominant ones and got to 291 km2 in 2004. Thereafter, ecological factors became the restricting factor in the city extension. The ecological safety pattern showed that the east and west of Shenyang were the restricting directions, while the north and south, as well as the southwest, had more spaces available. The south could be the main extension area of Shenyang City.