新兴海岛型城市建设引发的生态变化的遥感分析——以福建平潭综合实验区为例

福建省平潭岛于2010年被正式确立为“福建省平潭综合实验区”，由此引发了新兴海岛型城市的建设高潮.本研究利用遥感生态指数(RSEI)，基于2007年Landsat-5影像和2013年Landsat-8影像，分析了平潭综合实验区建设初期的生态状况及其时空变化趋势和变化原因.结果表明： 研究期间，作为生态脆弱的海岛，平潭岛的生态状况整体处于中等水平，在综合实验区建设初期(2007-2013年)有进一步下降的态势，RSEI值从2007年的0.511下降至2013年的0.450，降幅达14%；占全岛面积约36.5%区域的生态状况趋于退化，且主要发生在中部和西南部地区.究其原因主要是由于综合实验区建设带来的大面积成片开发，使得岛内原本不多的植被遭到进一步破坏.平潭岛在综合试验区建设中应及时制定并落实科学有效的生态保护措施，以遏制其生态质量下滑的趋势.

Chinese translation for the scientific term "Ecological Restoration"

Pingtan Island was officially established as the ‘Pingtan Comprehensive Experimental Zone of Fujian’ in 2010, and it led to a surge of construction in the island city. Based on the Landsat-5 images for 2007 and the latest Landsat-8 images for 2013, this paper studied the ecological status, the temporal trends of the ecological changes and the reasons for those changes in Pingtan Comprehensive Experimental Zone at its early stage of construction, by using the remote sensing of ecological index (RSEI). The results showed that as an ecologically fragile area, Pingtan Island had a moderate level of overall ecological status. In the early construction period (from 2007 to 2013), the ecological status of the island showed a downward trend, with a 14% drop of RSEI from 0.511 in 2007 down to 0.450 in 2013, and approximately 36.5% of the area of the island faced the degradation of ecological status, which mainly occurred in the central and southwestern parts of the island. The reason for the degradation was mainly due to the large scale construction which further damaged the scarce vegetation on the island. Therefore, in order to curb the downward trend of the ecological quality of Pingtan Comprehensive Experimental Zone, some effective ecological protection measures must be developed and implemented during the construction.