木本植物萌生更新研究进展

萌生是植物营养繁殖的方式之一.本文综述了萌生与实生这2种更新方式的差异、植物萌生能力的测定、影响植物萌生能力的因素以及萌生指数在生态系统评估中的意义.与实生相比,萌生具有抗干扰能力强、幼年期生长迅速等优点,因而它在植被演替的前期阶段发挥着明显的促进作用;而当干扰强度较低、种间竞争关系稳定时,物种更倾向于采取实生更新的策略.植物的萌生具有较大的不确定性.影响植物萌生的内在因素主要包括残桩高度、萌枝长出的位置、根的生物量与长度等;环境因素主要包括干扰方式和程度、光照、养分资源的可利用性等.从理论上讲,在一个稳定的、健康的森林生态系统中,其萌生指数应该有一个最佳值范围.

Research advances in regeneration of woody plants by sprouting

Sprouting is one of the vegetative propagation modes of plants. This paper summarized the differences between two regeneration modes, i. e. , sprouting and seeding, the measurement of sprouting ability, the factors affecting sprouting processes, and the application of sprouting index in ecosystem assessment. Compared with seeding, sprouting regeneration shows strong ability in disturbance-resisting and vigorous growth of young ramets, which consequently accelerate the early succession of plant community. However, tree species in relatively stable habitats with fewer disturbances tend to regenerate by seeding. Sprouting shows uncertainty to some extent. There are many factors affecting sprouting, including stump height, the positions when the sprouts occur, root biomass and length, disturbance regimes and intensity, light environment, and availability of nutrient recourses. Theoretically, there is an optimum range of sprouting index in a healthy and stable forest ecosystem.