北美水禽管理计划(NAWMP)及其对中国湿地生态环境建设的启示

保护水禽栖息的湿地已成为全球湿地生态系统研究的热点。本文阐述了北美水禽管理计划(NAWMP)的形成条件、遵循原则和设计理念,总结其该计划在共同管理、联合攻坚、资金积累等方面所取得的成功经验,并以PPJV草原沼泽保护合作项目为例分析了其在国际合作方面取得的突出成就;分析了中国水禽栖息地的湿地生态系统所面临的问题与挑战,提出应借鉴北美水禽管理计划的设计理念和成功经验,在湿地保护区共管、当地政府和当地社区参与及国际合作等方面需不断完善,并对中国湿地监测体系的建立、湿地开发方案的制定、对群众的宣传教育等方面提出了相应对策。

North American Waterfowl Management Plan and its enlightenment to China wetland construction

The protection of waterfowl habitat is a hotspot of wetland ecosystem research.This paper introduced the background of the North American Waterfowl Management Plan,its principles and notions,international partnerships,cost-sharing principle,and achievements made from joint venture,and analyzed the existing problems in the protection of waterfowls and their habitats in China.Some suggestions were made on taking reference of the notions of NAWMP,and on strengthening the management of our wetland reserves in light of our present situations.