甘肃小陇山桃花沟森林公园土壤纤毛虫的群落特征

2004年8月-2007年3月,用活体观察和固定染色方法对桃花沟森林公园及符家滩土壤纤毛虫的群落特征进行了研究.结果表明:在桃花沟森林公园的土壤中共鉴定出纤毛虫75种,隶属于3纲11目29科40属,其中桃花沟景区的土壤纤毛虫有43种,普渡峡景区有51种;受人为干扰较为严重的符家滩土壤中有纤毛虫28种;在桃花沟森林公园土壤纤毛虫群落中,下毛目、肾形目和前12目为其优势类群;齿脊肾形虫、长圆膜袋虫、皮速体虫、活泼状似片尾虫为其优势种;桃花沟景区、普渡峡景区和符家滩的土壤纤毛虫Gleason-Margalef物种多样性指数分别为4.61、5.64、3.28;桃花沟景区与普渡峡景区土壤纤毛虫的群落Jaccard相似系数为0.25,桃花沟景区、普渡峡景区与符家滩土壤纤毛虫的群落Jaccard相似系数分别为0.22、0.18.表明自然环境与受人为干扰的环境中土壤纤毛虫物种多样性和群落结构有显著差异.

Community characteristics of soil ciliates in Taohuagou Forest Park in Xiaolongshan Mountains of Gansu Province

By the methods of in vivo observation and fixation-staining, this paper studied the community characteristics of soil ciliates in Taohuagou Forest Park and Fujiatan in Xiaolongshan Mountains of Gansu Province from August 2004 to March 2007. A total of 75 species belonging to 40 genera of 29 families from 11 orders of 3 classes were identified, among which, 43 species were found in Taohuagou Scenic Area, 51 species in Puduxia Scenic Area, and 28 species in Fujiatan, a site more seriously disturbed by human activities. Hypotrichida, Colpodida and Prostomatida were the dominant orders, and Colpoda steinii, Cyclidium oblongum, Tachysoma pellionella and Urosomoida agiliformis were the dominant species. The Gleason-Margalef species diversity index in Taohuagou Scenic Area, Puduxia Scenic Area and Fujiatan was 4. 61, 5.64 and 3.28, respectively, and the Jaccard similarity index between Taohuagou Scenic Area and Puduxia Scenic Area, Taohuagou Scenic Area and Fujiatan, and Puduxia Scenic Area and Fujiatan was 0.25, 0. 22 and 0. 18, respectively, suggesting that the species diversity and community structure of soil ciliates in intact environment were different from those in disturbed environment.