城市住宅区碳源汇的空间分异规律、影响机制及管理对策——以关中地区为例

城市住宅区作为城市生态系统重要的组成单元,其碳源汇对城市生态系统碳循环和碳平衡产生重要影响.本文采取案例分析、文献查阅、问卷调查等多种方法,获取关中地区城市住宅区CO₂排放(碳源)与吸收(碳汇)数据,并分析其来源及空间分布情况.结果表明: 关中地区住宅区建材生产和改造更新过程CO₂排放量最大;且建材类的CO₂排放量远大于日常生活资料,仅有40%～52%碳排放发生在住宅区,其余发生在外围,呈现出碳源距离的空间波动性、成分的空间差异性以及圈层与分区分布.仅有9%～17%的碳排放可在住宅区内被吸收,外部空间被动承担大量碳汇功能,并显现为分层递变和空间分异.最后提出了碳源、碳汇空间管理技术和干预对策.

Spatial distribution,mechanism and management strategies of carbon source and sink of urban residential area: A case in Guanzhong Region,China.

Urban residential area is an important component of urban ecosystem. Its carbon process will have an important impact on carbon cycle and carbon balance of urban ecosystem. In this paper, the data of CO₂ emission and absorption in Guanzhong area were collected by case ana lysis, literature consulting and questionnaires and surveys to analyze its sources and the spatial distribution characteristics. The results showed that building materials production and renovation of residential area had the most CO₂ emission, and building materials had much larger CO₂ emission compared with everyday means of subsistence. Only 40%-52% of total carbon emission occurred within the residential area, while the rest was in the peripheral area. The spatial distance variation of carbon source, the spatial differences of carbon component and the spatial distribution by spheres and zoning were observed. As for CO₂ absorption, only 9%-17% CO₂ emission could be absorbed in the residential area, and the others had to be imposed to the outer space, showing hierarchical grading rules and spatial variation. Some space management techniques and intervention measures were put forward.