不同邻作作物对番茄田间烟粉虱种群动态的影响

为明确不同邻作模式下番茄田间烟粉虱的种群动态与空间分布格局,于云南省昆明市选取与西葫芦、黄瓜、玫瑰等作物邻作的番茄田及单作番茄田为研究样地,通过五点取样法进行调查,采用四分位法对不同作物邻作的番茄田间烟粉虱种群动态进行分析。结果表明:在烟粉虱的主要发生期,番茄单作田间烟粉虱种群数量最高,雌成虫达26.69头·叶^-1,雄成虫达6.74头·叶^-1,若虫达16.47头·叶^-1,与西葫芦、黄瓜、玫瑰邻作的番茄田间烟粉虱种群数量均较低,且与黄瓜邻作的番茄田间烟粉虱主要发生时期较短,发生高峰期最晚。在整个调查期内,所有邻作模式的番茄田间烟粉虱雌虫数量均高于雄虫;在烟粉虱的主要发生期,与西葫芦邻作的番茄田间烟粉虱性比最高,达8.20。不同邻作模式番茄田间烟粉虱成虫数量均在番茄植株上部叶片最多,下部叶片最少;烟粉虱若虫数量均在番茄植株中部叶片最多,上部叶片最少。在番茄植株不同部位,烟粉虱成虫和若虫数量均在番茄单作田间最大,在邻作玫瑰的番茄田最少。可考虑在烟粉虱严重为害的番茄种植区附近种植玫瑰等花卉,以降低烟粉虱的种群数量。

Effects of different adjacent crops on the population dynamics of Bemisia tabaci in tomato fields

We explored the population dynamics and spatial distribution of Bemisia tabaci in tomato fields under different adjacent crops( zucchini,cucumber and rose) in Kunming,Yunnan Province,using the five-point sampling method and the quartile method. The results showed the population size of B. tabaci in tomato monoculture fields was higher than that in other adjacent cropping patterns during the main occurrence period,being 26. 69 heads per leaf for female adults,6.74 heads per leaf for male adults and 16.47 heads per leaf for nymphs in tomato monoculture fields. The main occurrence period of B. tabaci was shorter in tomato fields adjacent to cucumber,and the peak activity date was later than that in other adjacent cropping patterns. The abundance of B. tabaci female adults was higher than that of male adults during the whole occurrence period across different adjacent cropping patterns. The sex radio of B. tabaci was highest in the tomato fields adjacent to zucchini,being 8. 20. The abundance of B. tabaci adults was the highest in the upper position and the abundance of nymphs was the highest in the middle position of tomato plants across different adjacent cropping patterns. Tomato monoculture fields had the highest abundance of B. tabaci population,whereas tomato fields adjacent roses had the lowest population abundance. In order to reduce the population abundance of B. tabaci,it is suggested to plant roses and other flowers adjacent the tomato fields.