寒区生态系统中多年冻土研究进展

近地表面的多年冻土是陆地生态系统重要的组成部分,其研究是生态、水文和工程建设研究者关心的重要议题。气候是多年冻土重要的影响因子,国内外研究中,与气候变化相结合的多年冻土研究是当前研究的重要方面;同时,多年冻土的水文学、生态学意义研究也在广泛开展。我国的多年冻土研究一直与寒区经济建设和开发紧密联系,在冻土分布、类型、温度、冻土退化及冻土区开发利用等方面取得了丰硕的成果。未来还应注重高分辨率冻土分布制图、融深变化的研究,并建立长期的多年冻土变化监测机制,以便更好地研究气候变化下,陆地生态系统对全球变化的响应与反馈。

Research progress on permafrost in cold region ecosystem

Permafrost near earth surface is an important part of terrestrial ecosystem, and its research is a special concern of ecologists, hydrologists and engineers. Climate change plays a significant role on permafrost, being an indispensable part of the permafrost research at home and abroad. At the same time, the study on the hydrological and ecological effects of permafrost is developing. In China, the research on permafrost has a close link with the economic development in cold region, and admiring achievements have been obtained in the distribution, type, and degradation of permafrost, and especially in the exploitation of permafrost region. In the future, more attention should be paid on the permafrost mapping with high resolution and the thickness variation of permafrost active layer, and a long-term observation system on this variation should be established to better understand the response and feedback of terrestrial ecosystem to global climate change.