红河流域的外来入侵植物

红河流域是中国生物多样性最为丰富的地区,植物区系起源古老,生态系统类型复杂多样.本文论述了红河流域外来入侵植物的现状,列举了73种红河流域外来入侵物的种类,对危害比较严重的紫茎泽兰、飞机草、马樱丹、肿柄菊、凤眼莲和空心莲子草6种植物作了具体介绍.对外来入侵植物的控制对策,入侵植物本身的生物学特性的研究、保护生物多样性和退化生态系统的恢复以及路域生态系统管理等几方面作了论述.结果表明,减少人类对生态系统的干扰和破坏,恢复本地植被是防止外来入侵植物入侵的有效途径.

Invasive plants in Honghe River Basin of Yunnan Province, China

Honghe River Basin is the area of most abundant biodiversity in China, with many ancient flora and multiple complex ecosystems. This paper discussed the present situation of the invasive plants in this Basin, enumerated 73 species of them, and introduced the seriously harmful species such as Eupatorium adenophorum, E. odoraturn, Eichhornia crassipes, Alternanthera philoweroides, Lantana camera and Tithonia diversifolia. The control strategies of the invasive plants in Hongbe River Basin were also approached from the aspects of studying their biological characteristics, biodiversity protection, recovery of degraded ecosystem, and road-region ecosystem management. It was suggested that to reduce the anthropogenic disturbance of ecosystems and to restore native vegetations could be the effective ways of preventing the invasion of invasive plants.