滇西北鼠疫自然疫源地齐氏姬鼠和大绒鼠对不同生境的选择

对仓山和洱海国家自然保护区4种年龄的森林以及周边的农田、果园、荒山灌丛和非保护区6种年龄的森林中齐氏姬鼠（Apodemus chevrieri）和大绒鼠（Eothenomys miletus）的种群数量进行了调查，研究了森林中2种小兽与栖境因子的关系以及人类活动对其种群数量的影响。结果表明，齐氏姬鼠和大绒鼠的生态位宽度分别为0．706和0．641，生态位重叠度为0．831。聚类分析显示：农田中2种小兽的种群数量最高；在非保护区森林、灌丛和果园，齐氏姬鼠和大绒鼠的数量显著低于农田，而高于保护区森林。人类干扰活动对森林底层植物有显著影响，能显著降低灌木的覆盖度、物种多度（除了6～10年生的森林）和密度，而增加草本植物的覆盖度和密度。回归结果表明，2种小兽的数量与森林草本植物的覆盖度呈正相关，而与灌木的密度呈负相关。

Habitat selection of Apodemus chevrieri and Eothenomys miletus in plague foci of Northwest Yunnan Province

This paper investigated the populations of Apodemus chevrieri and Eothenomys miletus in 13 different habitats, including 4 age class protective forests in Cangshan Mountain and Erhai Lake National Reserve, their surrounding farmlands, orchards and scrublands, and 6 age class non-protective forests, with the relationships between the two small mammals and forest habitat factors and the effects of anthropogenic disturbance on the two small mammals populations studied. The results showed that the niche breadth of A. chevrieri and E. miletus was 0.706 and 0.641, respectively, and their niche overlap was 0.831. Regression analysis indicated that most of the two small mammals were on farmland, and least of them were in protective forests. The population densities of the two small mammals in non-protective forests, orchards and scrublands were lower than that on farmlands, but higher than that in protective forests. Anthropogenic disturbance significantly decreased the cover rate, species richness (except for 6-10 years old forests) and density of shrubs, but increased the cover rate and abundance of herbages in bottom layer of forests. Regression model showed that the population densities of the two small mammals were positively correlated with the cover rate of herbages, and negatively affected by the density of shrubs.