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常用化学絮凝剂的环境效应与生态毒性研究进展
引用本文:李威,周启星,华涛.常用化学絮凝剂的环境效应与生态毒性研究进展[J].生态学杂志,2007,26(6):943-947.
作者姓名:李威  周启星  华涛
作者单位:1. 南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300071
2. 南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300071;中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所中国科学院陆地生态过程重点实验室,沈阳110016
摘    要:化学混凝法是国内外应用最为广泛的一种水处理方法,因此化学絮凝剂在使用过程中的生态安全性也越来越受到人们的关注.本文对常用的铝盐絮凝剂、铁盐絮凝剂和有机高分子絮凝剂在制备和使用过程中的生态安全性进行了分析,认为铝盐絮凝剂的长期使用会造成水中过高的铝离子残留,其在环境中的迁移转化会造成植物、动物、微生物和人的危害;铁盐絮凝剂在制备过程中可能会引入有害离子,并产生NO2有害气体,铁离子可以促进自由基的产生,导致细胞和组织的损害;聚丙烯酰胺在自然条件下可缓慢降解为剧毒的丙烯酰胺单体.基于国内外化学絮凝剂在生态安全性方面的研究现状,提出了今后絮凝剂应用和研究的方向.

关 键 词:营养盐分布    长江口    控制过程
文章编号:1000-4890(2007)06-0943-05
修稿时间:2006-08-212007-01-06

Research advances in environmental effect and ecological toxicity of commonly used chemical flocculants
LI Wei,ZHOU Qi-xing,HUA Tao.Research advances in environmental effect and ecological toxicity of commonly used chemical flocculants[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2007,26(6):943-947.
Authors:LI Wei  ZHOU Qi-xing  HUA Tao
Institution:1.College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; 2.Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecological Process, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
Abstract:Chemical coagulation is one of the water treatment methods widely used in China and other countries. More and more attention has been paid to the ecological safety of chemical flocculants during their usage. In this paper, the ecological safety in preparation, production, and usage of the commonly used Al-based flocculants, Fe-based flocculants, and organic polymer flocculants was analyzed. Due to the long-term application of Al-based flocculants, high concentrations of aluminum ions are remained in waters, and their migration and transformation in the environment can result in the damage of plants, animals, microorganisms, and human beings. Fe-based flocculants can also introduce some harmful ions and produce NO2 during their preparation process, and the iron ions can catalyze the formation of toxic radicals, leading to cell and tissue damage. Polyacrylamides can be decomposed to toxic acrylamide under natural conditions. Based on the present research status in the ecological safety of chemical flocculants at home and abroad, the application and research directions of the flocculants were discussed.
Keywords:wastewater treatment  flocculant  ecological safety  environmental effect
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