外来入侵菊方翅网蝽生物学特性及实验种群生命表

为了解近年来入侵我国的菊方翅网蝽的生物学特性,并为该昆虫种群在我国未来发展的趋势及防治提供科学依据,我们在温度(25±2) ℃、湿度(80±5)%、光周期L∶D=14∶10的实验室条件下,饲养、观察并记录了其各龄幼虫的形态特征,测定了该虫生长发育历期、存活率和产卵量等,构建了实验种群繁殖特征生命表,并计算了种群动态的相关参数.结果表明: 菊方翅网蝽的卵期为(14.58±1.17) d,若虫期为(14.88±1.45) d,成虫寿命为(59.88±5.85) d,单雌产卵量为(87.2±17.8)粒.该实验种群的内禀增长率(r_m)为0.05,周限增长率(λ)为1.06,世代平均历期(T)为46.11 d,净繁殖率(R₀)为11.88,种群加倍时间(t)为12.91 d;此外,在种群的稳定年龄组配中,若虫期占59.3%,成虫期占40.7%.预计菊方翅网蝽有可能会在中国进一步扩散并造成潜在的危害.

Life table and biological characteristics of an exotic lace bug, Corythucha marmorata (Uhler).

The lace bug, Corythucha marmorata (Uhler) is a newly introduced species in China. The biological characteristics, such as the life table, fecundity, population dynamics were studied under laboratory conditions, i.e., temperature (25±2) ℃, humidity (80±5) %, photoperiod L∶D=14∶10. The lace bugs were reared on the host plant Solidago canadensis. The morphological characteristics at different life stages, the longevity and adult fecundity were recorded and used to construct the life table. Results showed that the average length of immature stages was (14.88±1.45) d and the adult average life-span was (59.88±5.85) d, and the progeny per female was (87.2±17.8). The intrinsic rate of increase of C. marmorata (r_m) was 0.05 per female per day, the finite rate of increase (λ) was 1.06, and the net reproductive rate (R₀) was 11.88. The mean generation time (T) was 46.11 d, and the double population time was (t) 12.91 d. The population on reaching a stable age distribution comprised approximately 59.3% of immature stages, and 40.7% of the adult stage. It was suggested that C. marmorata might disperse quickly and pose a potential threat to agricultural production.