浙江秀山岛湿地生态系统初探

秀山岛位于东海舟山渔场海域，岛上有大片的湿地资源分布，其滨海部分与舟山渔场的生物资源特别是渔业生物资源密切联系，具有罕见的海岛特色。海岛的特殊地理位置为秀山岛湿地赋予了独特的生态特征。秀山岛湿地内动植物资源丰富，生物多样性高，共有植物种类300余种，栖息的鸟类共有26个科108种，包括国家一级保护动物东方自鹳（Ixobrychus minutus）。还有国家二级保护动物獐（Hydropotes inermis）等珍贵动物自然栖息。秀山岛湿地包括潮下带湿地（浅海湾）、潮间带湿地（泥滩、芦苇丛）、潮上带湿地（咸水沼泽、半咸水沼泽）、异化湿地（盐田、养殖池、稻田）等几个紧密联系的部分。具有多方面的生态功能。由于对湿地的生态功能重视不够，湿地生态系统破碎化严重。目前在秀山岛湿地已经建立了湿地自然保护区，湿地生态系统得到了较好的发展。

Wetland ecosystem in Xiushan Island of Zhejiang Province

Xiushan Island is located in the Zhoushan Fishery waters of East China Sea,which has a vast stretch of wetlands.The near-shore or around-shore parts of the wetlands,with peculiar island characteristics,are tightly associated with the living resources,especially fishery resources of Zhoushan Fishery waters.The peculiar ecological properties of the wetlands are characterized by particular island position.There is a high biodiversity of plants and animals in the wetlands,including over 300 species of plants and 108 species of birds(belonging to 26 families),such as oriental white stork(Ixobrychus minutus),known as the first class national protected animal,and swine hoe(Hydropotes inermis),known as the second class national protected animal.Xiushan wetlands comprise several tightly connected parts with different ecological functions,i.e.,subtidal zone wetland(shallow bay),intertidal zone wetland(mud,reed marshes),upper tidal zone(salty marsh,marsh),and degenerated wetland(salt field,culture pond,paddy field).As less attention was paid in the past,serious fragmentation took place in the wetland ecosystems.Recently,a natural protected area of the wetlands was constructed in Xiushan Island,and the wetland ecosystems have gained preliminary protection.