Phosphorus removal from agricultural runoff by constructed wetland |
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| Authors: | SY Lu FC Wu YF Lu CS Xiang PY Zhang CX Jin |
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| Institution: | 1. State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Research Center of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China;2. Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;1. Drainage Research Institute, National Water Research Center, Delta Barrage, Kaliobia 13621, Egypt;2. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA;1. State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163# Xianlin Ave., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China;2. South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, MEP, Guangzhou 510655, China;1. Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia;2. Research Centre of Environmental Engineering and Management, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, 518055 Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China;3. Cooperative Research and Education Center for Environmental Technology, Kyoto University-Tsinghua University, 518055 Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China;4. Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, P.O. Box 2434, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia |
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| Abstract: | A free-water surface wetland covering an area of 2800 m2 was operated from March 2002 to June 2004 for agricultural runoff treatment in the Dianchi Valley in China. In the wetland were grown Zizania Caduciflora Turez Hand-mazt and Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin.ex Steud. The instantaneous inflow rate was measured and the integrated flux was recorded by an ultrasonic flow instrument all year round. The average inflow rate, hydraulic loading rate (HLR) and hydraulic retention time (HRT) were kept at 242 m3 d?1, 12.7 cm d?1 and 2.0 d, respectively. The annual average total phosphorus (TP) in the inflow was 0.87 mg L?1, and the corresponding removal efficiency was calculated to be 59.0%. Biannual plant uptake and removal by harvesting and seed transport was the main pathway for TP removal, while the influent TP load was 12.9 g m?2 year?1. Hydraulic retention time had a significant positive correlation with the removal of P (r2 = 0.88). Water temperature, inflow phosphorus load, inflow and hydraulic load rates were positively correlated with the removal of P. Inflow phosphorus concentrations were negatively correlated with the removal of P. It is shown that the free-water surface wetland was an effective and economical system for agricultural runoff treatment in lake regions. |
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