EMF基因与植物营养生长

在高等植物中，外源和内源因素共同调控着植物从营养生长到生殖生长的转换。拟南芥EMF1和EMF2基因缺失的突变体不经过任何营养生长，种子萌发后便开花，这说明EMF基因是植物花发育的抑制基因。目前已从水稻、玉米、拟南芥等植物中克隆得到EMF同源基因，但其功能研究大多停留在拟南芥上。研究表明，EMF基因决定着植物营养生长阶段的发育，抑制植物开花。因此，开展EMF基因的分离、克隆和功能研究，有利于阐述植物营养生长过程阶段的抑花机制。对EMF基因的研究进展进行了综述，并提出EMF基因表达调控的闸门模型，以对EMF基因功能的进一步分析提供参考。

EMF Gene and Vegetative Development in Plants

In higher plants, the transition from vegetative to reproductive development is controled by a number of endogenous and environmental factors. Loss of function mutations of EMF1 and EMF2 genes in Arabidopsis results in its flowering after germination, skipping the vegetative development. This suggests that the EMF homology genes repress the floral development in plant. Now the EMF gene sequence has bene cloned from Oryza sativa, Zea mays and Arabidopsis thaliana etc, but functional study of EMF genes is mainly on the A.thaliana. A lot of researches demonstrated that EMF genes mediates shoot development and represses flowering. Thus, cloning characteration and functional analysis of EMF genes in plant enable the possible to have a new sight to the molecular mechanism of floral repression during vegetative development. To better clarify the EMF gene functions in plant, the reaearch advances of EMF genes were reviewed, and a new EMF genes regulation model was proposed.