Chemoenzymatic synthesis and application of glycopolymers containing multivalent sialyloligosaccharides with a poly(L-glutamic acid) backbone for inhibition of infection by influenza viruses |
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Authors: | Totani Kazuhide Kubota Takeshi Kuroda Takao Murata Takeomi Hidari Kazuya I-P Jwa Suzuki Takashi Suzuki Yasuo Kobayashi Kazukiyo Ashida Hisashi Yamamoto Kenji Usui Taichi |
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Institution: | Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan. |
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Abstract: | Highly water-soluble glycopolymers with poly(alpha-L-glutamic acid) (PGA) backbones carrying multivalent sialyl oligosaccharides units were chemoenzymatically synthesized as polymeric inhibitors of infection by human influenza viruses. p-Aminophenyl disaccharide glycosides were coupled with gamma-carboxyl groups of PGA side chains and enzymatically converted to Neu5Acalpha2-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta-, Neu5Acalpha2-6Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta-, Neu5Acalpha2-3Galbeta1-3GalNAcalpha-, and Neu5Acalpha2-3Galbeta1-3GalNAcbeta- units, respectively, by alpha2,3- or alpha2,6-sialytransferases. The glycopolymers synthesized were used for neutralization of human influenza A and B virus infection as assessed by measurement of the degree of cytopathic inhibitory effect in virus-infected MDCK cells. Among the glycopolymers tested, alpha2,6-sialo-PGA with a high molecular weight (260 kDa) most significantly inhibited infection by an influenza A virus, strain A/Memphis/1/71 (H3N2), which predominantly binds to alpha2-6 Neu5Ac residue. The alpha2,6-sialo-PGA also inhibited infection by an influenza B virus, B/Lee/40. The binding preference of viruses to terminal sialic acids was affected by core determinants of the sugar chain, Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta- or Galbeta1-3GalNAcalpha/beta- units. Inhibition of infection by viruses was remarkably enhanced by increasing the molecular weight and sialic acid content of glycopolymers. |
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Keywords: | glycopolymers / influenza virus / inhibition / poly(L-glutamic acid) / sialyloligosaccharides |
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