Observations on cyanobacterial population collapse in eutrophic lake water |
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Authors: | Gons Herman J Ebert Jeannine Hoogveld Hans L van den Hove Linda Pel Roel Takkenberg Wijnand Woldringh Conrad J |
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Institution: | (1) NIOO-KNAW Centre for Limnology, Rijksstraatweg 6, Nieuwersluis, P.O. Box 1299, 3600 BG Maarssen, The Netherlands;(2) Water-Board of Rijnland, Archimedesweg 1, P.O Box 156, 2300 AD Leiden, The Netherlands;(3) Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Section Molecular Cytology, University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan 316, 1098 SM Amsterdam, The Netherlands |
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Abstract: | In two laboratory-scale enclosures of water from the shallow, eutrophic Lake Loosdrecht (the Netherlands), the predominating
filamentous cyanobacteria grew vigorously for 2 weeks, but then their populations simultaneously collapsed, whereas coccoid
cyanobacteria and algae persisted . The collapse coincided with a short peak in the counts of virus-like particles. Transmission
electron microscopy showed the morphotype Myoviridae phages, with isometric heads of about 90 nm outer diameter and >100-nm
long tails, that occurred free, attached to and emerging from cyanobacterial cells. Also observed were other virus-like particles
of various morphology. Similar mass mortality of the filamentous cyanobacteria occurred in later experiments, but not in Lake
Loosdrecht. As applies to lakes in general, this lake exhibits high abundance of virus-like particles. The share and dynamics
of infectious cyanophages remain to be established, and it is as yet unknown which factors primarily stabilize the host–cyanophage
relationship. Observations on shallow, eutrophic lakes elsewhere indicate that the cyanophage control may also fail in natural
water bodies exhibiting predominance of filamentous cyanobacteria. Rapid supply of nutrients appeared to be a common history
of mass mortality of cyanobacteria and algae in laboratory and outdoor enclosures as well as in highly eutrophic lakes.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. |
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Keywords: | cyanobacteria cyanophages shallow lakes virus-like particles |
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