几种鸡传染性支气管炎病毒活疫苗对中国流行毒株CK/CH/LDL/97I的保护作用评价

选择我国应用的五株鸡传染性支气管炎活疫苗毒株(JAAS、IBN、Jlin、J9和H120)和当地流行毒株(CK/CH/LDL/97 Ⅰ)作为研究对象,对其S1基因进行序列比对分析,结果表明疫苗株与流行毒株的核昔酸序列及推导的氨基酸序列同源性分别不超过76.4%和78.7%.S1基因的核苷酸系统发育树显示,疫苗株与流行毒株分属不同进化群,亲缘关系较远,属于不同的基因型.用这五株活疫苗进行针对强毒株CK/CH/LDL/97Ⅰ株的免疫保护实验,可见临床发病率为30%～100%;攻毒5d后每组随机扑杀10只鸡,采集器官,应用RT-PCR法检测病毒,气管样品病毒检出率为50%～90%,肾脏样品病毒检出率为10%～30%.由此可见:我国目前使用的主要活疫苗对异种IBV分离株的感染不能提供完全的保护作用.

Evaluation of the Protection Conferred by Several Avian Infectious Bronchitis Attenuated Vaccines against the Field Strain CK/CH/LDL/97Ⅰin China

The entire S1 protein gene of five infectious bronchitis (IB) vaccine strains (JAAS, IBN, Jilin, J9, H120) used in China were compared with that of the IB field isolate CK/CH/LDL/97 I present in China. The nucleotide and deduced amino acid similarities between the five IB vaccine strains and the field strain, CK/CH/LDL/97 I, were not more than 76.4% and 78.7%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on the S1 gene showed that the vaccine strains and the field strain belonged to different clusters and had larger evolutionary distances, indicating that they were of different genotypes. The five vaccine strains were used for protection test against challenge of the field isolate CK/CH/LDL/97 I. The chickens inoculated with five vaccine strains showed morbidity as high as 30%-100% after challenged with the CK/CH/ LDL/97 I strain. The organ samples at 5 days post challenge showed that the viral detection rates were 50%-90% and 10%-30% for trachea and kidney, respectively. The live attenuated vaccines only provided partial protection to the vaccinated chickens against heterologous IBV infection, CK/CH/LDL/97 I.