鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒超强毒株GX8/99株的致病性

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒(IBDV)超强毒株GX8/99,系1999年从广西一自然发病鸡群采集到.用原始病鸡法氏囊悬液连续3次人工感染SPF鸡后,再取其法氏囊制备悬液,分装,在-70℃保存.以此悬液经卵黄囊接种10日龄SPF鸡胚,测定鸡胚的半数致死量(ELD50).随着鸡的日龄和接种剂量的不同,其致死率有很大差异.对28～30日龄SPF鸡,病毒接种量为200个ELD50时,感染后7日内死亡率最高可达73%～90.5%(11/15和19/21);感染量为20个ELD50时,死亡率亦可达53%～92%(8/15和23/25).以500个ELD50感染28～104日龄的SPF鸡,死亡率均在55.1%～67.2%;甚至113～120日龄的SPF鸡,感染后仍有10%～15%致死率.但128日龄的SPF鸡感染后既不引起死亡也不表现任何症状,但抗体全部转阳.人工接种发病死亡的鸡,其法氏囊的出血程度也随感染量和年龄而异.50日龄鸡接种2000个ELD50后,死亡的鸡100%(12/12)法氏囊严重出血;而40日龄鸡感染200个ELD50后,死亡鸡中仅17%(3/18)发生出血.在2、3、4周龄带有母源抗体的商品代蛋鸡,以2000个ELD50病毒接种后,只引起10%(2/20)、35%(7/20)和35%(7/20)的死亡率.但在5周龄商品代蛋鸡,仅接触感染的致死率可达61.3%(98/160).另一批商品代蛋鸡,在4周龄和5周龄人工接种200个ELD50病毒后,死亡率分别是81.6%～94.3%(62/76～33/35)和93.9%～94%(31/33～47/50).通过总共1200多羽鸡的试验表明,GX-8/99株是一个超强毒IBDV毒株,表现为高死亡率(最高可达94%),易感年龄延长至4月龄,中枢性免疫器官法氏囊出血严重和胸腺明显萎缩.

Pathogenicity of a Very Virulent Strain GX8/99 of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus

A very virulent strain GX8/99 of infectious bursal disease virus(IBDV) was studied for its mortality in SPF chickens and commercial egg type chickens at different age inoculated with bursal suspension of 20-2,000 ELD 50 in repeated experiments It demonstrated that GX8/99 could induce high mortality between 55%-92% in SPF chickens at the age of 4-13 weeks with 200 ELD 50 ,it still caused some mortality of 10%-15% at the age of 120 days,but did not induce any mortality after 128 days of age In commercial egg type chickens of 4-5 weeks,GX8/99 of 2,000 or 200 ELD 50 caused mortality between 35%-94% from frock to frock In 2 week old commerical egg type chickens retaining some level of maternal antibody to IBDV,the mortality was only 10%